Cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with oral cleft: a clinical-electrocardiographic-echocardiographic study

Authors

  • Gisele C.P. Leite Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Pediatria
  • Marcela A.G. Ururahy Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas
  • João F. Bezerra Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas
  • Valéria M.G.D.M. Lima Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas
  • Maria I.F. Costa Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Pediatria
  • Sandra S.C. Freire Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Pediatria
  • André D. Luchessi Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas
  • Jussara M.C. Maia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Pediatria
  • Maria E.F. Brito Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Pediatria
  • Vera L. Gil-da-Silva-Lopes Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Departamento de Genetica Medica
  • Adriana A. Rezende Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e108

Keywords:

Oral Cleft, Congenital Heart Disease, Rheumatic Heart Disease, Mitral Valve Prolapse

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to describe the clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic cardiological findings in a group of patients with oral clefts. METHODS: This is a prospective cross-sectional study on 70 children (age range from 13 days to 19 years) with oral clefts who attended the multidisciplinary program of a university hospital from March 2013 to September 2014. The patients were evaluated by a pediatric cardiologist and underwent detailed anamnesis, physical examination, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the patients were male; 55.7% presented with cleft lip and palate, and 40.0% presented with health complaints. Comorbidities were found in 44.3%. Relevant pregnancy, neonatal, family and personal antecedents were present in 55.7%, 27.1%, 67.2%, and 24.3% of the patients, respectively. Regarding the antecedents, 15.2% of the patients presented with a cardiac murmur, 49.0% with a familial risk of developing plurimetabolic syndrome, and 6% with family antecedents of rheumatic fever. Electrocardiographic evaluation showed one case of atrioventricular block. Echocardiograms were abnormal in 35.7% of the exams, including 5 cases of mitral valve prolapse — one of which was diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease. CONCLUSION: The finding of a family risk of developing plurimetabolic syndrome and a diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease indicates that patients with oral clefts may be more prone to developing acquired heart disease. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of anamnesis and methodological triangulation (clinical-electrocardiographic-echocardiographic) in the investigation of patients with oral clefts and emphasize that cardiological follow-up to evaluate acquired and/or rhythm heart diseases is necessary. This strategy permits comorbidity prevention and individualized planned treatment.

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Published

2018-01-01

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

Cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with oral cleft: a clinical-electrocardiographic-echocardiographic study. (2018). Clinics, 73, e108. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e108