As especificidades do padrão de apego de meninos: estudo de casos múltiplos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.20017Palavras-chave:
apego, especificidade, meninosResumo
Esta pesquisa buscou identificar indicadores do padrão de apego de meninos em relação a suas figuras parentais, avaliar a existência de especificidade do padrão de apego em relação à mãe e ao pai e descrever as características familiares associadas ao apego seguro/inseguro. O estudo, realizado com três meninos entre 5 e 8 anos, com queixas escolares, foi baseado na teoria do apego e adotou como procedimento os Estudos de Casos Múltiplos. A avaliação dos indicadores do apego foi realizada através do Manchester Child Attachment Story Task - MCAST, procedimento cujas estórias remetem a situações de angústia. A análise do desfecho de cada narrativa apontou indicadores do padrão de apego implicado. Outros procedimentos foram aplicados, com a finalidade de complementar os dados encontrados no MCAST: Escala Global e Escala de Freqüência de Sinais Específicos aplicada ao Desenho da Família, Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) e Entrevistas com os meninos e seus pais. Em dois dos três casos avaliados se levantou a hipótese de especificidade do padrão de apego em relação à mãe e ao pai. A qualidade de cada relação parental foi única e um padrão de apego considerado como predominantemente seguro apresentou indicadores inseguros e vice-versa. As características familiares relacionaram-se a vínculos frágeis, presença de doenças na família, depressão materna e conflitos conjugais, todos relacionados a padrões inseguros de apego. O estudo também identificou uma diversidade das nomenclaturas que definem os principais conceitos do apego, um predomínio de literatura internacional e a necessidade de estudos brasileiros sobre a especificidade do apego.Referências
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