A Re-evaluation of the Eucnemidae larval characters (Coleoptera)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.28Keywords:
Evolution, Phylogenetics, Coleoptera, EucnemidaeAbstract
The larval characters of Eucnemidae are re-evaluated. Tribe Schizophilini Muona, 1993 is considered to merit subfamily rank as Schizophilinae Muona new status. Larval characters congruent with previously used adult morphological characters support the earlier published sister-group hypotheses for lignicolous eucnemids with one exception, Pseudomeninae, which is here split resulting in the following evolutionary hypothesis: (Pseudomeninae (Schizophilinae (Paleoxeninae (Melasinae, Eucneminae, Macraulcinae)))). The position of three remaining clades, Anischiinae, Perothopinae and Phyllocerinae remain ambiguous.
Downloads
References
Brüstle, L. & Muona, J. 2009. Life-history studies versus genetic markers – the case of Hylochares cruentatus (Gyllenhal, 1808) (Col., Eucnemidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 42: 100-107. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2009.00521.x
Böving, A.G. & Craighead, F.C. 1931. An illustrated synopsis of the principal larval forms of the order Coleoptera. Entomologica Americana, 11: 1-351.
Burakowski, B. 1975. Development, distribution and habits of Trixagus dermestoides (L.), with notes on the Throscidae and Lissomidae (Coleoptera, Elateroidea). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa, 32: 375-405.
Chang, H.; Muona, J.; Pu, H.; Xu, L.; Wang, C.; Teräväinen, M.; Ren, D.; Yang, Q.; Zhang, X. & Jia, S. 2016. Chinese Cretaceous larva exposes a southern Californian living fossil (Insecta, Coleoptera, Eucnemidae). Cladistics, 32(2): 211-214. http://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12124
Costa, C.; Vanin, S.A.; Lawrence, J.F. & Ide, S. 2003. Systemtics and cladistics analysis of Cerophytidae (Elateroidea: Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 28: 375-407.
Crowson, R.A. 1955. The natural classification of the families of Coleoptera. London, Nathaniel Lloyd & Co. 187p.
Emden, F.I. van. 1932. Die Larven der Callirhipini, eine mutmassliche Cerophytum-Larve und Familien-Bestimmungtabelle der Larven der Malacodermata-Sternoxia Reihe (Coleoptera). Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 72: 199-259, pls. 11-13.
Ford, E.J. & Spilman, T.J. 1979. Biology and immature stages of Dirhagofarsus lewisi, a species new to the United States (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 33: 75-83.
Gardner, J.C.M. 1926. (a) Description of the early stages of Fornax gardneri Fleut. (Melasidae, Col.). (b) Description of the larva of Atractocerus emarginatus Cast. (Lymexylonidae, Col.). Indian Forest Records, 12: 273-286.
Gardner, J.C.M. 1935. Immature stages of Indian Coleoptera (17) (Eucnemidae). Indian Forest Records (New Series) Entomology, 1: 79-93, plates I-II.
Gilyarov, M.S. 1979. A larva of Phyllocerus and its position in the system of Elateroidea. (in Russian). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 58: 655-663.
Klausnitzer, B. 1997. Zur Kenntnis der Larve von Phyllocerus Lepeletier & Serville (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae, Phyllocerinae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischer Verein Innsbruck, 84: 371-378.
Kundrata, R. & Bocak, L. 2011. The phylogeny and limits of Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera): is there a common tendency of click beetles to soft‐bodiedness and neoteny? Zoologica Scripta, 40: 364-378. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2011.00476.x
Kundrata, R.; Bocakova, M. & Bocak, L. 2014. The comprehensive phylogeny of the superfamily Elateroidea (Coleoptera: Elateriformia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 76: 162-171. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.012
Kusy, D.; Motyka, M.; Bocek, M.; Vogler, A. & Bocak, L. 2018. Genome sequences identify three families of Coleoptera as morphologically derived click beetles (Elateridae). Scientific Reports, 8(1): 17084. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35328-0
Lawrence, J.F.; Muona, J.; Teräväinen, M.; Ståhls, G. & Vahtera, V. 2007. Anischia, Perothops and the phylogeny of Elateroidea (Coleoptera: Elateriformia). Insect Systematics & Evolution, 38: 205-239. http://doi.org/10.1163/187631207794761001
Lawrence, J.F.; Ślipiński, A.; Seago, A.E.; Thayer, M.K.; Newton, A.F. & Marvaldi, A.E. 2011. Phylogeny of the Coleoptera Based on Morphological Characters of Adults and Larvae. Annales Zoologici, 61: 1-217. http://doi.org/10.3161/000345411X576725
Leiler, T.E. 1976. Zur Kenntnis der Entwicklungsstadien und der Lebensweise nord- und mitteleuropäischer Eucnemiden (Col.). Entomologische Blätter für Biologie und Systematik der Käfer, 72: 10-50.
Leiler, T.E. 1990. Beschreibung einiger malaysischer Eucnemiden-Arten, ihrer Larven un Lebensweise (Col.). Entomologische Blätter für Biologie und Systematik der Käfer, 86: 145-158.
Lucht, W. 1981. Die Präimaginalstadien von Hypocoelus olexai Palm (Col., Eucnemidae) nebst Bestimmungstabelle der Larven Nord- und Mitteleuropäischer Hypocoelus -Arten. Entomologische Blätter für Biologi und Systematik der Käfer, 77: 61-74.
Lundberg, 1962. Något om svenska eucnemider. Entomologisk Tidsskrift, 83: 89-94.
Mamaev, B.M. 1976. Morphological types of xylophagous beetle larvae (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae) and their evolutionary importance. In: Mamaev, B.M. (Ed.). Evolutionary Morphology of Wood-Boring Larvae. Moscow, Nauka. p. 136-155.
Mosher, E. 1919. Notes on the immature stages of Deltometopus rufipes Mels. (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 12: 49-53, plate IV.
Muona, J. 1993. Review of the phylogeny, classification and biology of the family Eucnemidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica. Supplement, 44: 1-133.
Muona, J. & Teräväinen, M. 2008. Notes on the biology and morphology of false click-beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 62: 475-479.
Nelson, G. 1974. Classification as an expression of phylogenetic relationships. Systematic Zoology, 22: 344-359.
Nemeth, T. & Otto, R. 2016. Notes on the bionomics of Farsus dubius (Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Melasinae), with observations on its hypermetamorphic development. Elateridarium, 10: 133-144.
Otto, R. 2012a. Eucnemid larvae of the Nearctic Region. Part I: Description of the larva of Rhagomicrus bonvouloiri (Horn, 1886) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Melasinae: Dirrhagini), with notes on its biology. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 66(3): 219-223.
Otto, R. 2012b. Eucnemid Larvae of the Nearctic Region. Part II: Description of the Mature Larva of Deltometopus amoenicornis (Say, 1836) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Macraulacini), with notes on its biology. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 66(3): 285-288.
Otto, R. 2013. Eucnemid Larvae of the Nearctic Region. Part III: Mature Larval Descriptions for Three Species of Onichodon Newman, 1838 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacini, with notes on their biology. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 67: 97-106.
Otto, R. 2014. Eucnemid Larvae of the Nearctic Region. Part IV: Description of the Mature Larva of Entomophthalmus rufiolus (LeConte, 1866) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Dirhagini), with Notes on its biology The Coleopterists Bulletin, 68: 331-335.
Otto, R. 2015. Eucnemid larvae of the Nearctic region. Part V: Fifth instar larval descriptions for eight species of Microrhagus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Melasinae: Dirhagini), with descriptions of four new species and notes on their biology. Insecta Mundi, 421: 1-43.
Otto, R. 2017. Eucnemid larvae of the Nearctic Region. Part VII: Description of the larvae of Nematodes penetrans (LeConte, 1852) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Nematodini), with notes on its hypermetamorphic life cycle. Insecta Mundi, 545: 1-9.
Otto, R. & Gruber, J. 2016. Eucnemid larvae of the Nearctic region. Part VI: Descriptions of the fifth instar and prepupal larval stages Stethon pectorosus LeConte, 1866 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Eucneminae: Mesogenini), with notes on their biology. Insecta Mundi, 474: 1-11.
Otto, R.; Muona, J. & McClarin, J. 2014. Description of Dirrhagofarsus ernae n. sp. with a key to the known Dirrhagofarsus species (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae). Zootaxa, 3878: 179-184.
Otto, R. & Young, D. 1998. Description of the Larva of Schizophilus subrufus (Randall) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Pseudomeninae), with Notes on Its Natural History. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 52: 306-312.
Palm, T. 1955 Weitere Beiträge zur Kenntnis der schwedischen Hypocoelus-Arten (Col. Eucnemidae). Opuscula Entomologica, 20: 211-217.
Peterson, A. 1960. Larvae of Insects. Coleoptera, Diptera, Neuroptera, Siphonaptera, Mecoptera, Trichoptera. Columbus, A. Paterson. part II, 416p.
Van Horn, R.W. 1909. Notes on some of the Eucnemidae of the eastern states. (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae). Proceedings of the entomological Society Washington, 11: 54-62.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Responsibility: The scientific content and the opinions expressed in the manuscript are the sole responsibility of the author(s).
Copyrights: Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. The journal is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type CC-BY.
