Estudo da prevalência de anemia gestacional e fatores associados na maternidade de referência do município de Joinville – SC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v98i6p389-395Palavras-chave:
Anemia ferropriva, Anemia, Gravidez, Lactente, Peso ao nascer, Prevalência, Brasil, EpidemiologiaResumo
Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de anemia ferropriva em gestantes em uma maternidade de referência de Santa Catarina. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo observacional, do tipo corte transversal, de março a maio de 2017, em uma maternidade pública do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos através da revisão dos prontuários, carteirinhas de pré-natal, e aplicação de questionário padronizado às parturientes no período de pós-parto imediato. O desfecho analisado foi a presença de anemia gestacional e construído modelos de regressão logística multinominal para cálculo de razão de chance, e ajustada para variáveis de confusão. O nível de significância estatística adotado é de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: Das 740 parturientes avaliadas, 263 (35,6%) tiveram valor de hemoglobina que indicasse anemia gestacional em um dos três trimestres. A população anêmica caracterizou-se por menor idade materna, escolaridade e porcentagem de puérperas casadas, maior prevalência de IMC abaixo do peso e início do pré-natal mais precoce. Conclusão: A prevalência de anemia gestacional nesse estudo foi de 36,5%.
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Referências
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12. Gaillard R, Eilers PH, Yassine S, Hofman A, Steegers EA, Jaddoe VW. Risk factors and consequences of maternal anaemia and elevated haemoglobin levels during pregnancy: a population-based prospective cohort study. Paediatric Perinatal Epidemiol. 2014;28(3):213-26. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12112.
13. Alizadeh L, Salehi L. Is routine iron supplementation necessary in pregnant women with high hemoglobin? Iranian Red Crescent Med J. 2016;18(1):227-61. doi: https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.22761.
14. World Health Organization. Global Database on Anaemia. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005 [cited 2017 March 16]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris.
15. Ferreira HS, Moura FA, Cabral CRJ. Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia em gestantes da região semi-árida do Estado de Alagoas. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2008;30(9):445-51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-72032008000900004.
16. Oliveira AC, Barros AMR, Ferreira RC. Fatores de risco associados a anemia em gestantes da rede pública de saúde de uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2015;37(11):505-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/SO100-720320150005400.
17. Gebre A, Mulugeta A. Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among pregnant women in North Western zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a cross- sectional study. J Nutrit Metabol. 2015;2015:165430. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/165430.
18. Campigotto AC, Farias MC, Pinto DC, Alburquerque FG. Factors relating to iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: an integrative review. Int Arch Med. 2015;8(159):1-11. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.3823/1758.
19. Santos EM, Amorim LP, Costa OL, Oliveira N, Guimarães AC. Profile of gestational and metabolic risk in the prenatal care service of a public maternity in the Brazilian Northeast. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2012;34(3):102-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-72032012000300002.
20. Bouzari Z, Basirat Z, Zadeh MZ, Cherati SY, Ardebil MD, Mohammadnetaj M et al. Daily versus intermittent iron supplementation in pregnant women. BMC Res Notes. 2011;4:444. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-444.
21. Kang Y, Dang S, Zeng L, Wang D, Li Q, Wang J etal. Multi-micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy for prevention of maternal anaemia and adverse birth outcomes in a high-altitude area: a prospective cohort study in rural Tibet of China. Brit J Nutr. 2017;118(6):431-40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451700229X.
22. Menon KC, Ferguson EL, Thomson CD, Gray AR, Zodpey S, Saraf A.Effects of anemia at different stages of gestation on infant outcomes. Nutrition. 2016;32(1):61-5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.07.009
23. Rodriguez-Bernal CL, Rebagliato M, Ballester F. Maternal nutrition and fetal growth: the role of iron status and intake during pregnancy. Nutr Dietary Suppl. 2002;4:25-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S13093
24. Banjari I, Kenjerić D, Mandić M. What is the real public health significance of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in Croatia? A population-based observational study on pregnant women at early pregnancy from Eastern Croatia. Central Eur J Public Health. 2015;23(2):122-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a3962.
25. Haider BA, Olofin I, Wang M, Spiegelman D, Ezzati M, Fawzi WW. Anaemia, prenatal iron use, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:34-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f3443.
26. Rahman MM, Abe SK, Rahman MS, Kanda M, Narita S, Bilano V, et al. Maternal anemia and risk of adverse birth and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutrit. 2016;103:495-504. doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.107896.
27. Drukker L, Hants Y, Farkash R, Ruchlemer R, Samueloff A, Grisaru-Granovsky S. Iron deficiency anemia at admission for labor and delivery is associated with an increased risk for Cesarean section and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Transfusion. 2015;55:2799-806. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.13252.
28. Baradwan S, Alyousef A, Turkistani A. Associations between iron deficiency anemia and clinical features among pregnant women: a prospective cohort study. J Blood Med. 2018;9:163. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S175267.
29. Cesar JA, Dumith SC, ChrestaniII MAD, Mendoza-SassiI RA. Suplementação com sulfato ferroso entre gestantes: resultados de estudo transversal de base populacional. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2013;16(3):729-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X2013000300016.
30. Milman N, Paszkowski T, Cetin I, Castelo-Branco C. Supplementation during pregnancy: beliefs and science. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2016;32(7):1-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2016.1149161.
2. Chowdhury HA, Ahmed KR, Jebunessa F, Akter J, Hossain S, Shahjahan MD. Factors associated with maternal anaemia among prenant women in Dhaka City. BMC Women’s Health. 2015;15:77. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-015-0234-x.
3. Picon PD, Gadelha MIP, Alexandre RF. Anemia por deficiência de ferro. Protocolo clínico e diretrizes: portaria SAS/MS nº 1.247. Brasília, DF; 2014 [acesso 16 abr. 2017]. Disponível em: http://portalms.saude.gov.br.
4. Elert VW, Machado AKF, Pastore, CA. Anemia gestacional: prevalência e aspectos nutricionais relacionados em parturientes de um hospital público do sul do Brasil. Braz J Food Nutrit. 2013;24(3):353-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/SO100-720320150005400.
5. Cantor AG, Bougatsos C, Dana T, Blanzina I, McDonagh. Routine iron supplementation and screening for iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: a systematic review for the U. S. preventive services task force. Ann Inter Med. 2015;162(8):566-76. doi: https://doi.org/10.7326/M14-2932.
6. Oliveira AC, Barros AMR, Ferreira RC. Fatores de risco associados a anemia em gestantes da rede pública de saúde de uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2015;37(11):505-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/SO100-720320150005400.
7. Xu X, Liu S, Rao Y, Shi Z, Wang L, Sharma M et al. Prevalence and sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of anemia during pregnancy: a cross-sectonal study of pregnant women in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(9):908. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13090908.
8. Adam I, Ibrahim Y, Elhardello O. Prevalence, types and determinants of anemia among pregnant in Sudan: a sistematic review and meta-amalysis. BMC Hematol. 2018;18:31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12878-018-0124-1.
9. Obai G, Odongo P, Wanyama R. Prevalence of anaemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Gulu and Hoima Regional Hospitals in Uganda: a cross sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16:76. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0865-4.
10. Adanikin AI, Awoleke JO. Sociodemographic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy at booking for antenatal care. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;36(1):44-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/849080.
11. Baraka, MA, Steurbaut S, Laubach M, Coomans D, Dupont AG.Iron status, iron supplementation and anemia in pregnancy: ethnic differences. J Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012;25(8):1305-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2011.632036.
12. Gaillard R, Eilers PH, Yassine S, Hofman A, Steegers EA, Jaddoe VW. Risk factors and consequences of maternal anaemia and elevated haemoglobin levels during pregnancy: a population-based prospective cohort study. Paediatric Perinatal Epidemiol. 2014;28(3):213-26. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12112.
13. Alizadeh L, Salehi L. Is routine iron supplementation necessary in pregnant women with high hemoglobin? Iranian Red Crescent Med J. 2016;18(1):227-61. doi: https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.22761.
14. World Health Organization. Global Database on Anaemia. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005 [cited 2017 March 16]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris.
15. Ferreira HS, Moura FA, Cabral CRJ. Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia em gestantes da região semi-árida do Estado de Alagoas. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2008;30(9):445-51. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-72032008000900004.
16. Oliveira AC, Barros AMR, Ferreira RC. Fatores de risco associados a anemia em gestantes da rede pública de saúde de uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2015;37(11):505-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/SO100-720320150005400.
17. Gebre A, Mulugeta A. Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among pregnant women in North Western zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a cross- sectional study. J Nutrit Metabol. 2015;2015:165430. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/165430.
18. Campigotto AC, Farias MC, Pinto DC, Alburquerque FG. Factors relating to iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: an integrative review. Int Arch Med. 2015;8(159):1-11. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.3823/1758.
19. Santos EM, Amorim LP, Costa OL, Oliveira N, Guimarães AC. Profile of gestational and metabolic risk in the prenatal care service of a public maternity in the Brazilian Northeast. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2012;34(3):102-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-72032012000300002.
20. Bouzari Z, Basirat Z, Zadeh MZ, Cherati SY, Ardebil MD, Mohammadnetaj M et al. Daily versus intermittent iron supplementation in pregnant women. BMC Res Notes. 2011;4:444. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-444.
21. Kang Y, Dang S, Zeng L, Wang D, Li Q, Wang J etal. Multi-micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy for prevention of maternal anaemia and adverse birth outcomes in a high-altitude area: a prospective cohort study in rural Tibet of China. Brit J Nutr. 2017;118(6):431-40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451700229X.
22. Menon KC, Ferguson EL, Thomson CD, Gray AR, Zodpey S, Saraf A.Effects of anemia at different stages of gestation on infant outcomes. Nutrition. 2016;32(1):61-5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.07.009
23. Rodriguez-Bernal CL, Rebagliato M, Ballester F. Maternal nutrition and fetal growth: the role of iron status and intake during pregnancy. Nutr Dietary Suppl. 2002;4:25-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/NDS.S13093
24. Banjari I, Kenjerić D, Mandić M. What is the real public health significance of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in Croatia? A population-based observational study on pregnant women at early pregnancy from Eastern Croatia. Central Eur J Public Health. 2015;23(2):122-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a3962.
25. Haider BA, Olofin I, Wang M, Spiegelman D, Ezzati M, Fawzi WW. Anaemia, prenatal iron use, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:34-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f3443.
26. Rahman MM, Abe SK, Rahman MS, Kanda M, Narita S, Bilano V, et al. Maternal anemia and risk of adverse birth and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutrit. 2016;103:495-504. doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.107896.
27. Drukker L, Hants Y, Farkash R, Ruchlemer R, Samueloff A, Grisaru-Granovsky S. Iron deficiency anemia at admission for labor and delivery is associated with an increased risk for Cesarean section and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Transfusion. 2015;55:2799-806. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.13252.
28. Baradwan S, Alyousef A, Turkistani A. Associations between iron deficiency anemia and clinical features among pregnant women: a prospective cohort study. J Blood Med. 2018;9:163. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S175267.
29. Cesar JA, Dumith SC, ChrestaniII MAD, Mendoza-SassiI RA. Suplementação com sulfato ferroso entre gestantes: resultados de estudo transversal de base populacional. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2013;16(3):729-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X2013000300016.
30. Milman N, Paszkowski T, Cetin I, Castelo-Branco C. Supplementation during pregnancy: beliefs and science. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2016;32(7):1-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2016.1149161.
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2019-11-27
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Schafaschek, H. da S., Silva, C. F. da, Silva, G. F. da, Guimbala, M. A. B., Almeida, S. de, & Silva, J. C. (2019). Estudo da prevalência de anemia gestacional e fatores associados na maternidade de referência do município de Joinville – SC. Revista De Medicina, 98(6), 389-395. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v98i6p389-395
