Ultra-processed products industry operating as an interest group

Authors

  • Aline Brandão Mariath Universidade de São Paulo
  • Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins Universidade de São Paulo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002127

Keywords:

Food Industry, Conflict of Interest, Public Policy, Food Regulation, Government Regulation

Abstract

The participation of the ultra-processed products industry in efforts to reduce obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases has been questioned, especially because there is evidence of its interference in policy-making processes. This article builds on the Collective Action Theory and the literature of political science to discuss the role of this sector as a special interest group that uses its significant economic power to influence government decisions in its favor. In Brazil, its participation occurs mainly with industry associations. However, it has not yet been established whether their interests prevail in the decision-making process. It has been suggested that research should be carried out to determine the degree of success of their actions, identifying the conditions associated with the convergence of policy results with their interests and indicating to what extent civil society organizations are able to make public interests override private ones.

Author Biographies

  • Aline Brandão Mariath, Universidade de São Paulo

    Câmara dos Deputados. Departamento Médico. Brasília, DF, Brasil
    Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição em Saúde Pública. São Paulo, SP, Brasil

  • Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins, Universidade de São Paulo

    Universidade de São Paulo. Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil

References

Sacks G, Swinburn B, Kraak V, Downs S, Walker C, Barquera S, et al. A proposed approach to monitor private-sector policies and practices related to food environments, obesity and non-communicable disease prevention. Obes Rev. 2013;14 Suppl 1:38-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12074

Sacks G, Mialon M, Vandevijvere S, Trevena H, Snowdon W, Crino M, et al. Comparison of food industry policies and commitments on marketing to children and product (re) formulation in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji. Crit Public Health. 2015;25(3):299-319. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2014.946888

Gortmaker SL, Swinburn BA, Levy D, Carter R, Mabry PL, Finegood DT, et al. Changing the future of obesity: science, policy and action. Lancet. 2011;378(9793):838-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60815-5

Access to Nutrition Index. Global Nutrition Index 2016. Utrecht (NL): Access to Nutrition Foundation; 2016 [cited 2016 Jun 17]. Available from: https://healthequity.globalpolicysolutions. org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/atni-global-index-2016_2.pdf

Stuckler D, Nestle M. Big food, food systems, and global health. Plos Med. 2012;9(6):e1001242. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001242

Moodie R, Stuckler D, Monteiro C, Sheron N, Neal B, Thamarangsi T, et al. Profits and pandemics: prevention of harmful effects of tobacco, alcohol,

and ultra-processed food and drink industries. Lancet. 2013;381(9867):670-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62089-3

Gomes FS. Conflitos de interesse em alimentação e nutrição. Cad Saude Publica. 2015;31(10):2039-46. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311XPE011015

Freudenberg N, Galea S. The impact of corporate practices on health: implications for health policy. J Public Health Policy. 2008;29(1):86-105. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200158

Corvalán C, Reyes M, Garmendia ML, Uauy R. Structural responses to the obesity and non-communicable diseases epidemic: the Chilean Law of Food Labeling and Advertising. Obes Rev. 2019;20(3):367-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12802

Nestle M. Food politics: how the food industry influences nutrition and health. Rev. ed. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press; 2007.

Théodore F, Juárez-Ramírez C, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Blanco I, Tolentino-Mayo L, Bonvecchio A. Barreras y oportunidades para la regulación de la publicidad de alimentos y bebidas dirigida a niños em México. Salud Publica Mex. 2014;56 Supl 2:s123-9. https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v56s2.5177

Mialon M, Swinburn B, Sacks G. A proposed approach to systematically identify and monitor the corporate political activity of the food industry with respect to

public health using publicly available information. Obes Rev. 2015;16(7):519-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12289

Mancuso WP. O lobby da indústria no Congresso Nacional: empresariado e política no Brasil contemporâneo. Dados. 2004;47(3):505-47.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0011-52582004000300003

Mancuso WP. Partidos políticos e grupos de interesse: definições, atuação e vínculos. Leviathan (São Paulo). 2004;(1):395-407. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2237-4485.lev.2004.132249

Thomas CS, editor. Research guide to U.S. and international interest groups. Westport, CT: Praeger; 2004.

Grant W. Pressure politics: from ‘insider’ politics to direct action? Parliament Aff. 2001;54(2):337-48. https://doi.org/10.1093/parlij/54.2.337

Coxall B. Pressure groups in British politics. London, UK: Routledge; 2013.

Coen D, Grant W, Wilson G. The Oxford handbook of business and government. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 2010. Chapter 1, Political Science: perspectives on business and government; p.9-34.

Olson M. A lógica da ação coletiva. São Paulo: EDUSP; 1999. 20. Mancuso WP, Gozetto ACO. Lobby e políticas públicas. São Paulo: FGV Editora; 2018.

Graziano L. O lobby e o interesse público. Rev Bras Ci Soc. 1997;12(35). https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-69091997000300009

Binderkrantz AS, Christiansen PM, Pedersen HH. Interest group access to the bureaucracy, parliament, and the media. Governance. 2015;28(1):95-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12089

Hacker J, Pierson P. Winner-take-all politics: public policy, political organization, and the precipitous rise of top incomes in the United States. Polit Soc. 2010;38(2):152-204. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329210365042

LaPalombara J. Empirical explanation in political science: the case of interest groups. Riv Ital Polit Pubbliche. 2017;(2):173-92. https://doi.org/10.1483/87213

Meyer DS, Imig DR. Political opportunity and the rise and decline of interest group sectors. Soc Sci J. 1993;30(3):253-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0362-3319(93)90021-M

Mancuso WP. O empresariado como ator político no Brasil: balanço da literatura e agenda de pesquisa. Rev Sociol Polit. 2007;(28):131-48.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-44782007000100009

Ulucanlar S, Fooks GJ, Gilmore AB. The Policy Dystopia Model: an interpretive analysis of tobacco industry political activity. PLoS Med. 2016;13(9):e1002125.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002125

Mialon M, Julia C, Hercberg S. The Policy Dystopia Model adapted to the food industry: the example of the Nutri-Score saga in France. World Nutr. 2018;9(2):109-20. https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.201892109-120

Henriques P, Dias PC, Burlandy L. A regulamentação da propaganda de alimentos no Brasil: convergências e conflitos de interesses. Cad Saude Publica. 2014;30(6):1219-28. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00183912

Baird MF. O lobby na regulação da publicidade de alimentos da Agência de Vigilância Sanitária. Rev Sociol Polit. 2016;24(57):67-91. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-987316245706

Gomes FS, Castro IRR, Monteiro CA. Publicidade de alimentos no Brasil: avanços e desafios. Cienc Cult. 2010;62(4):48-51.

Lowery D, Gray V. The dominance of institutions in interest representation: a test of seven explanations. Am J Polit Sci. 1998;42(1):231-55. https://doi.org/10.2307/2991754

Seção Judiciária do Distrito Federal. 14ª Vara Federal Cível da SJDF. Mandado de Segurança. Processo 1013249-88.2018.4.01.3400. Impetrante: Associação Brasileira das Indústrias da Alimentação. Impetrado: Diretoria Colegiada da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa), na pessoa de seu Diretor Presidente, Sr. Jarbas Barbosa da Silva Júnior, União Federal. Relator: Waldemar Cláudio de Carvalho. 9 de julho de 2018. Brasília, DF; 2018 [cited 2018 Sep 20]. Available from: https://www.jota.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/d7387e97cb6656ea220c3c6d4b265217.pdf?x48657

Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, Gerência Geral de Alimentos. Relatório Preliminar de Análise de Impacto Regulatório sobre Rotulagem Nutricional. Brasília, DF; 2018 [cited2018 Sep 20]. Available from: http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/219201/219401/An%C3%A1lise+de+Impacto+Regulat%C3%B3rio+sobre+Rotulagem+Nutricional.pdf/c63f2471-4343-481d-80cb-00f4b2f72118

Brasil. Decreto nº 9.394, de 30 de maio de 2018. Altera a Tabela de Incidência do Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados – TIPI, aprovada pelo Decreto nº 8.950, de 29 de dezembrode 2016. Brasília, DF; 2016 [cited 2018 Jun 16]. Available from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2018/Decreto/D9394.htm

Jobim AK. Posicionamento da Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Refrigerantes e de Bebidas Não Alcoólicas sobre o Decreto Nº 9.394, de 30 de maio de 2018. Brasília, DF:Abir; 2018 [cited 2018 Jun 16]. Available from: https://www.poder360.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/nota-abir.pdf

Brasil. Decreto Nº 9.514, de 27 de setembro de 2018. Altera a Tabela de Incidência do Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados – TIPI, aprovada pelo Decreto Nº 8.950, de 29 de dezembro de 2016. Brasília, DF; 2018 [cited 2018 Sep 20]. Available from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2015-2018/2018/Decreto/D9514.htm

Brasil. Constituição Federal (1988). Brasília, DF; 1988 [cited 2018 Jul 12]. Available from: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Constituicao/Constituicao.html

Published

2020-12-14

Issue

Section

Review

How to Cite

Mariath, A. B., & Martins, A. P. B. (2020). Ultra-processed products industry operating as an interest group. Revista De Saúde Pública, 54, 107. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002127