Romantic Relationships, Sexual Behavior and Vulnerability of African-Descending and White Adolescents Towards HIV/AIDS

Abstract

The present study aimed at investigating the vulnerability of white and African-descending adolescents towards HIV/AIDS. The socio-economic characteristics of participants, their romantic and sexual relationships, risk and prevention behaviors, knowledge on HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards condoms were studied for that purpose. The study was conducted in the outskirts of the cities of Florianópolis, Itajaí and Balneário Camboriú and consisted of two parts. The first one was qualitative, in which non-directive interviews with 36 secondary school students equally divided by sex and race/color were employed. The second part consisted of a survey with 715 adolescents about affective and sexual relationships, risk and protection behavior, knowledge on HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards condoms. It was observed that the unfavorable socio-cultural level was associated with the African-descending participants, while the intermediate level was linked to the whites. Knowledge on AIDS and attitudes towards condom use were significantly correlated. The African-descending begin sexual life earlier and have more episodic romantic relations ("making out"), but white adolescents have more sexual relations. Moreover white adolescents use less condoms in multiple-partner contexts and in dating relationships than the African-descending. Results indicate that in general most adolescents are vulnerable to HIV/AIDS, as a function of the low level of knowledge about the illness, risk practices, the important presence of unprotected sex and its association with romantic relationships, like dating.