Disfagia no AVE agudo: revisão sistemática sobre métodos de avaliação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v15i2a102922Palavras-chave:
Acidente Cerebrovascular, Transtornos de Deglutição, AvaliaçãoResumo
Objetivo: analisar os testes clínico-funcionais para avaliação da disfagia orofaríngea em pacientes na fase aguda do AVE e rever criticamente as referências nacionais e internacionais sobre o tema. Método: revisão sistemática através dos bancos de dados: PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane; de textos didáticos e revisões publicadas, além das listas de referências destas várias fontes. Resultados: Existe tendência internacional pela valorização dos testes que utilizam água, em função de sua aplicação simples e boa sensibilidade para identificação de dificuldades na deglutição. Já a literatura nacional sugere, principalmente, a avaliação do desempenho do paciente com alimentos de várias consistências. Conclusões: A videofluoroscopia é aceita como método-ouro na avaliação da disfagia. Contudo, tem importantes limitações na avaliação de pacientes no estágio inicial do AVE. A videoendoscopia da deglutição, quando disponível, pode ser uma opção para estes pacientes. Existe grande variabilidade nos métodos de oferta para o paciente entre os testes clínico-funcionais. Apesar das críticas, os métodos clínico-funcionais, são amplamente utilizados com pacientes na fase aguda do AVE, não parecendo oferecer risco significativo aos pacientes.
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