Lesão muscular induzida por eletroestimulação neuromuscular (EENM) com frequências de 30 Hz e 100 Hz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20150005Palavras-chave:
Estimulação Elétrica, Músculo Esquelético, Creatina Quinase, Lactato DesidrogenasesResumo
A eletroestimulação-neuromuscular (EENM) é a ação de estímulos elétricos terapêuticos sobre o tecido muscular, visando a contração muscular e consequentemente a melhora dos status muscular. Objetivo: Avaliar a lesão muscular decorrente da contração muscular isométrica induzida por meio da EENM de baixa frequência (30 Hz) e de alta frequência (100 Hz). Métodos: Estudo experimental tipo Cross-over, randomizado e não cego. Participaram do estudo 10 universitários voluntários, gênero masculino, idade de 24,4 ± 6,0 anos, peso de 77,1 ± 11,8 kg, altura de 176,1 ± 5,6 cm e IMC de 24,8 ± 3,4 kg/m2. Dois protocolos (A) e (B) com intervalo de 7 dias entre eles. (A) - 20 minutos de EENM no quadríceps com frequência de 30 Hz. (B) - 20 minutos de EENM com frequência de 100 Hz. Analisado lactato, creatinafosfoquinase e desidrogenase láctica antes, imediatamente após, 6h e 48h após os protocolos. Resultados: Comparando 30 Hz vs. 100 Hz observou-se: lactato (23,7 ± 6,7 vs. 13,4 ± 3,0 mg/dL, p = 0,001); CPK (195,4 ± 116,1 vs. 262,9 ± 153,6 UI, p = 0,022); DHL (374,3 ± 64 vs. 366,6 ± 84,1 UI, ns). A percepção de eficiência contrátil diminuiu significativamente (p = 0,016) no protocolo com 100 Hz. Conclusão: Tanto a EENM de baixa frequência (30 Hz) quanto de alta frequência (100 Hz) elevam os marcadores sanguíneos de lesão muscular, sendo esta elevação, ainda mais acentuada na alta frequência. Entretanto os valores alcançados refletem uma resposta normal para um exercício de moderada intensidade.
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