Dupla tarefa como estratégia terapêutica em fisioterapia neurofuncional: uma revisão da literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20150039Palavras-chave:
Função Executiva, Terapia por Exercício, Atenção, Neurologia, ReabilitaçãoResumo
Objetivo: Discutir as possibilidades de utilizaçao da dupla tarefa no âmbito da reabilitaçao de pacientes neurológicos. Métodos: Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS e PEDro, com o termo em inglês dual task associados a cada uma das palavras, em separado: treatment, physicaltherapy, rehabilitation, exercise, training, dividedattention, executivefunctions e attentionaldemands. Foram selecionados apenas ensaios clínicos que utilizaram o treinamento de dupla tarefa em populaçao adulta com doença ou lesao neurológica. Resultados: Dos 2024 artigos encontrados, 1017 foram excluídos por se tratarem de artigos duplicados. Dentre os 1007 restantes, 998 foram excluídos após a análise dos resumos. Os nove artigos selecionados avaliaram pacientes com acidente vascular encefálico, traumatismo encefálico, doença de Alzheimer e de Parkinson. A maioria utilizou a marcha como tarefa primária, e uma tarefa cognitiva como secundária. Os programas variaram entre 9 e 48 horas totais de treinamento. Conclusao: O treinamento de dupla tarefa parece ter efeitos positivos na marcha, cogniçao, habilidades de automatizaçao e transferência de aprendizado, sugerindo que essa pode ser uma estratégia valiosa para a reabilitaçao neurológica. Entretanto, ainda se faz necessário explicar quais as tarefas que sao mais eficientes, o período de intervençao adequado e a extensao do período de retençao do aprendizado.
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