Impacto de um programa de fortalecimento muscular dos membros inferiores no equilíbrio e na performance funcional de idosos institucionalizados: um estudo controlado e randomizado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v27i3a174188Palavras-chave:
Idoso, Equilíbrio Postural, Força Muscular, Exercício Físico, Instituição de Longa Permanência para IdososResumo
A performance funcional é maximizada através de programas de fortalecimento muscular em idosos. Contudo, poucas intervenções foram implementadas em idosos institucionalizados para avaliar os efeitos de programas de exercícios de fortalecimento muscular em desfechos como o equilíbrio, performance funcional e força muscular. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto de um programa de fortalecimento muscular de membros inferiores no equilíbrio, performance funcional e força muscular de idosos institucionalizados. Métodos: Ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado. O equilíbrio, a performance funcional e a força muscular foram avaliados através da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB), Marcha Tandem (MT), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) e Teste do Esfigmomanômetro (TE), respectivamente. O grupo experimental (GE, n=11) participou do programa de exercícios em grupo, três vezes semanais, durante oito semanas, enquanto o grupo controle (GC, n=8) continuou sua rotina habitual. Foram calculados os intervalos de 95% de confiança para as diferenças entre os grupos experimental e controle (experimental – controle) e entre os dois momentos de observação (pós – pré). Foi realizada análise de intenção de tratar. Resultados: O GE apresentou um ganho significativo em relação ao GC para a EEB (DM=3,7 IC95% 1,0 a 6,5), MT DM=3,5 IC95% 0,7 a 6,2), FMEJ (DM=33,2 IC95% 4,9 a 61,5) e FMD (DM=37,5 IC95% 9,6 a 65,3). Conclusão: O programa de fortalecimento muscular foi capaz de melhorar o equilíbrio, a performance funcional e a força muscular em idosos institucionalizados.
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