The dark side of the esophagus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4322/acr.2021.284Keywords:
Acute esophageal necrosis, Black esophagus, Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Ischemia, Endoscopy GastrointestinalAbstract
Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also known as “black esophagus,” is an entity characterized by the circumferential black appearance of esophageal mucosa, usually associated with hypoperfusion and gastric outlet obstruction. This entity has a reported prevalence of up to 0.2%, affecting predominantly elderly men with multiple comorbidities. Most cases resolve with conservative treatment with no need of surgical intervention. However, the overall prognosis is poor, with mortality reaching one-third of cases due to the patient’s underlying illness. In this article we present three cases of patients with AEN.
Downloads
References
Pereira O, Figueira-Coelho J, Picado B, Costa JN. Black oesophagus. BMJ Case Rep. 2013;2013:bcr2012008188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2012-008188. PMid:23365174.
Gurvits GE. Black esophagus: acute esophageal necrosis syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2010;16(26):3219-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v16.i26.3219. PMid:20614476.
Gurvits GE, Cherian K, Shami MN, et al. Black Esophagus: new insights and multicenter international experience in 2014. Dig Dis Sci. 2015;60(2):444-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-014-3382-1. PMid:25297468.
Ben Soussan E, Savoye G, Hochain P, et al. Acute esophageal necrosis : a 1-year prospective study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002;56(2):213-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5107(02)70180-6. PMid:12145599.
Augusto F, Fernandes V, Cremers M, et al. Acute necrotizing esophagitis: a large retrospective case series. Endoscopy. 2004;36(5):411-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-814318.
Deliwala SS, Bala A, Haykal T, Elbedawi MM, Bachuwa G, Gurvits GE. Acute esophageal necrosis (Gurvits syndrome) presenting as globus and altered phonation. Am J Case Rep. 2020;21:e926019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.926019. PMid:32881843.
Yasuda H, Yamada M, Endo Y, Inoue K, Yoshiba M. Acute necrotizing esophagitis: role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Gastroenterol. 2006;41(3):193-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00535-005-1741-6. PMid:16699852.
Lamers CR, Mares WGN, Bac DJ. Black esophagus : a case series and literature review of acute esophageal necrosis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2018;53(10-11):1421-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00365521.2018.1513064.
Gurvits G, Shapsis A, Lau N, Gualtieri N, Robilotti JG. Acute esophageal necrosis: a rare syndrome. J Gastroenterol. 2007;42(1):29-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00535-006-1974-z. PMid:17322991.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Autopsy and Case Reports
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright
Authors of articles published by Autopsy and Case Report retain the copyright of their work without restrictions, licensing it under the Creative Commons Attribution License - CC-BY, which allows articles to be re-used and re-distributed without restriction, as long as the original work is correctly cited.
