The importance of the postmortem interval for the diagnosis of Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome by Neisseria meningitidis in a series of forensic cases

Authors

  • Guendalina Gentile Università degli Studi di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4407-9844
  • Alberto Amadasi Università degli Studi di Bologna, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-6771
  • Paolo Bailo Università degli Studi di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-838X
  • Michele Boracchi Università degli Studi di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4240-4121
  • Francesca Maciocco Ospedale S. Carlo Borromeo, Servizio di Immunoematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale (SIMT)
  • Matteo Marchesi Ospedale di Bergamo, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Papa Giovanni XXIII, Responsabile USS Medicina Legale
  • Riccardo Zoja Università degli Studi di Milano, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3347-2541

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4322/acr.2019.103

Keywords:

Autopsy, Forensic Microbiology, Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome, Post-Mortem Interval

Abstract

The effective value of microbiological post-mortem examinations stands as fundamental in forensic cases involving microbiology. We ran these analyses on five victims, who suddenly died after showing persistent fever. The examinations were conducted between 48 hours and 10 days after death, and adrenal gland apoplexy was detected in all the cases. Microbiological examinations identified Neisseria meningitidis, which was accountable for Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome. Diplococci were isolated from three cadavers that underwent forensic dissection between 2 and 3 days after death. The remaining two cadavers showed polymicrobial contamination, and a polymerase chain reaction technique was necessary to identify the pathogen. We assumed that the microbial overlap could lead to diagnostic mistakes and conceal the identification of the lethal pathogen. Therefore, we suggest using molecular techniques for a postmortem interval (PMI) longer than 72 hours. Classical microbiological examination should be performed for PMI within 72 hours.

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Published

2019-07-23

Issue

Section

Article / Autopsy Case Report

How to Cite

Gentile, G., Amadasi, A., Bailo, P., Boracchi, M., Maciocco, F., Marchesi, M., & Zoja, R. (2019). The importance of the postmortem interval for the diagnosis of Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome by Neisseria meningitidis in a series of forensic cases. Autopsy and Case Reports, 9(3), e2019103. https://doi.org/10.4322/acr.2019.103