The Gandarela and Fonseca basins represent two of the best hnown Brazilian Tertiary occurences. The work here presented deals with the palynologie study of the samples from these sequences. Twenty-one species were recognized from the Gandarela basin, and 34 from the Fonseca basin. Based on the stratigraphic distribution of species previously reported in tropical Tertiary sediments from South America. Africa and Borneo, a Middle to Late Eocene age can be inferred. The depositional environment was surely non-marine Nevertheless, the presence of Echimonocolpites echinatus (Nipa pollen grains) in the two basins suggests that deposition occurred at lower altitudes and that the basins were not far from the litoral region.
