Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice

Authors

  • Muhammad Ameen Jamal University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
  • Arslan Mahmood Ahmed University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
  • Muhammad Tahir University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
  • Muhammad Ashraf University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
  • Abdul Sattar University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
  • Aamir Ghafoor University Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
  • Shahzad Munir Yunnan Agricultural University, Faculty of Plant Protection
  • Irfan Ahmed Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5206-9278
  • Mubashir Hussain Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat
  • Amjad Riaz University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902019000317231

Keywords:

Ketamine hydrochloride, Xylazine hydrochloride, Atropine sulfate, Surgical tolerance, BALB/c mice

Abstract

Anesthetics are an indispensable prerequisite for surgical intervention and pharmacological animal studies. The objective of present study was to optimize the dose of ketamine (K) and xylazine (X) along with atropine sulfate (A) in order to achieve surgical tolerance in BALB/c mice. Several doses of ketamine (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) and xylazine (10, 15, 20 mg/kg) were mixed and combination of nine doses (K/X: 100/10, 100/15, 100/20, 150/10, 150/15, 150/20, 200/10,200/15,200/20) were evaluated (n=9 per combination). A constant dose of atropine (0.05 mg/kg) was also used to counter side effect. Timerelated parameters were evaluated on the basis of reflexes. KX at dose 200/20 mg/kg produced surgical tolerance in all nine mice with duration 55.00±6.87 minutes. The induction time 0.97±0.09 minutes, sleeping time 90.67±5.81 minutes and immobilization time (102.23±6.83 minutes) were significantly higher than all combination. However, this combination was considered unsafe due to 11 % mortality. While, KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg results in none of the mortality, so was considered as safe. Moreover, this combination produces surgical tolerance in 89 % mice with duration (30.00±7.45 minutes). It was concluded that KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg along with atropine 0.05 mg/kg is safe for performing surgical interventions in BALB/c mice.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2019-12-05

Issue

Section

Original Article

How to Cite

Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice. (2019). Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 55, e17231. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902019000317231