Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
type: channel
description: The Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences publishes manuscripts that significantly contribute to knowledge in all areas of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Submissions: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - BJPS www.scielo.br/bjps
publisher: Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas
language: en
publication name: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
issn: 1984-8250
copyright: All content of the journal, except where identified, is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type BY. The on-line journal has open and free access.
items: Profile of drugs used by university students for self-medication in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
items: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutic models research in Latin America
items: Personalized solutions for ENT implants
items: Monte Carlo simulation methods-based models for analyzing the kinetics of drug delivery from controlled release systems
items: Proton pump inhibitor leaflets
items: Medicines for the management of overweight and obesity
items: Neuropharmacological profile of new thiazepinone and thiazolidinone compounds designed by virtual screeningAuthorshipSCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS
items: Fractionation and separation of bioactive peptides using natural polymeric membrane
items: Analysis of the effectiveness of premedication in preventing early adverse reactions to antivenom serum from 2017 to 2021
items: Search for new antimicrobials against extended spectrum β-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli
items: Unraveling cerebroprotective potential of fenchone
items: Implementation of pharmaceutical care
items: Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-, m-, o-xylene, and n-butyl acetate in urine by a validated gas chromatography method
items: https://revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/233790
items: Assessing the impact of clinically relevant medicinal chemistry teaching
items: Multitarget CDK inhibitors roscovitine and UCN‑01 induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting cell cycle progression and transcription
items: Salivary stimulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker extract for Sjögren’s syndrome
items: Rifampicin liposomes loaded on calcium phosphate cement scaffold constructed using 3D printing technology for sustained drug release
items: Screening of SIRT2 inhibitors from natural product databases using computer-aided drug design and molecular dynamics simulation
items: Composition of food supplements containing melatonin available in Portugal
items: Proposing a new anti-Covid-19 agent by using molecular docking and dynamics simulations
items: Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of enantioselective hydroxychloroquine kinetics and impact of genetic polymorphisms
items: New discoveries of the action of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) - Enhanced efficacy in formulations
items: The Effect of long-term rapamycin administration on intracellular calcium quantification and RhoA activity in kainic acid epilepsy model
items: Unlocking Dabrafenib’s Potential
items: Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies
items: A novel nano-emulsion cream of casein isolated from raw milk for thermal and acid burn wounds
items: Metformin hydrochloride laden nanostructured lipid carriers
items: Plantago major leaf extract against bacteria and fungi of medical importance
items: Hydromethanolic extracts of Morus alba L. (Mulberry) young and ripe fruit induces apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells (A549)

Profile of drugs used by university students for self-medication in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
type: item
description: A significant increase in self-medication was observed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, especially among university students due to their higher level of knowledge and awareness, making them more prone to self-medication. Therefore, in this scoping review we aimed to understand the profile of medications used for self-medication among university students during the pandemic, both for COVID-19 prevention and other reasons. We followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines in conducting the review. The PICo guiding question was, “What is the profile of medications used for self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic among university students?” Searches were conducted in the Scielo, PubMed, Embase, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Scopus, BVS, Google Scholar, and CAPES databases based on MESH and DeCS descriptors. A total of 35 studies were selected, with eight (22.8%) reporting self-medication for COVID-19 prevention/treatment ranging from 14-83%, four (11.4%) reporting self-medication for specific symptoms ranging from 11-95%, 19 (54.4%) reporting several reasons for students self-medicating with a range of 50-100%, and four (11.4%) studies not specifying the reason for medication use in self-medication varying from 3-93%. The included studies revealed that the irrational use of medications is a common practice among university students, with varied prevalence of self-medication observed in this population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Review
  topic: keywords
subject: Students
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-Medication
  topic: keywords
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug Utilization
  topic: keywords
creator: Natielle Alves Fernandes
creator: Larissa Torres Fernandes
creator: Welerson Gregório Macieira
creator: Lauro César da Silva Maduro
creator: Sabrina Cerqueira Santos
creator: Larissa de Freitas Bonomo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutic models research in Latin America
type: item
description: The landscape of scientific research in Latin America (LA), particularly in the realms of the Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) and Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutic models (PBPM), is a mosaic of varied contributions, collaborations, and specializations. This study examines research production in the region using data from the Scopus and PubMed databases collected between 2011 and 2023. Brazil stands out as a prominent country in terms of the quantity of publications. When considering thematic specialization, Colombia cones first as the country with the greatest Relative Specialization Index (RSI), followed by Brazil, Cuba, Uruguay, Mexico, and Argentina. Regarding internationalization, Brazil and Mexico are currently exerting significant influence, particularly through their increasing cooperation with the United States and Europe. Interestingly, there is a lack of cooperation inside Latin America at the regional level. Regarding the contribution of Latin-American institutions, the State University of Maringá leads in number of publications, followed by the University of São Paulo and the Federal University of São Paulo. In this work, we analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of LA’s scientific contributions, offering a roadmap for future collaborative and specialized efforts in the field of PBPK and PBBM.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: PBPK
  topic: keywords
subject: PBBM
  topic: keywords
subject: Latin America Scientometric analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: International collaboration
  topic: keywords
creator: Juliana Cordeiro Cardoso
creator: José Eduardo Severino Martins
creator: Aline Ferreira Pinto
creator: Eliana Maria Barbosa Souto
creator: Marx Ribeiro
creator: Patricia Severino
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Personalized solutions for ENT implants
type: item
description: 3D printing, a newer manufacturing technology, is gaining prominence in the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors, particularly ENT implants. It enables the production of customized biological tissue scaffolds, portable models, and surgical training aids. The emergence of 4D printing offers the potential for enhancing ENT therapy safety and efficacy. The manuscript explores the potential of 3D printing to revolutionize pharmaceutical and clinical practice, enabling the development of personalized drug formulations, patient-centric implants, and anatomical models. This review delves into the emerging concept of “smart” biomaterials used in 4D printing, which are capable of mimicking natural tissues and responding to external stimuli. This paves the way for significant advancements in ENT tissue engineering with the potential to increase treatment safety and efficacy. This highlights the importance of healthcare staff in translating 3D printing innovations into clinical practice for successful adoption. The manuscript highlights the transformative impact of 3D printing in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. 3D printing and bioprinting technologies are revolutionizing ENT therapy, offering novel avenues for improved patient care and fostering advancements in the healthcare field.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: ENT implant
  topic: keywords
subject: 3D printing
  topic: keywords
subject: 4D printing
  topic: keywords
subject: Additive manufacturing
  topic: keywords
subject: Bioprinting
  topic: keywords
subject: Biomaterials
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart polymers
  topic: keywords
subject: Tissue engineering
  topic: keywords
creator: Jigar Vyas
creator: Nensi Raytthatha
creator: Puja Vyas
creator: Jitendra Patel
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Monte Carlo simulation methods-based models for analyzing the kinetics of drug delivery from controlled release systems
type: item
description: Pharmaceutical controlled-release formulations are systems developed by a set of unit operations to achieve a satisfactory combination between a drug and excipients to allow its gradual release. These devices must simultaneously meet criteria for stability, biocompatibility, safety, efficacy, scalability at industrial volumes, and technological efficiency for drug release. Controlled-release systems (CRSs) must release drugs in a way that maintains an adequate concentration in the organism, a requirement that is challenging to meet in practice. Even though novel CRSs may be designed with new materials as excipients, new drugs, or emerging manufacturing technologies, the mechanisms for drug release continue to be governed by a set of similar physicochemical phenomena such as diffusion, swelling, or erosion. These phenomena are too complex to be analyzed by numerical methods; however, they are relatively accessible by probabilistic models especially the Monte Carlo simulation. In this review, we discuss key findings related to the use of this probabilistic method for analyzing the drug-controlled release process in different pharmaceutical devices. Based on this evidence, we propose their potential application in the characterization of new drug-controlled release systems, synergy with other computational methods, and their capability to be adapted for in vivo or in vitro kinetic analysis.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Monte Carlo simulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Diffusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug-controlled release
  topic: keywords
subject: Percolation threshold
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
subject: Simulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Swelling
  topic: keywords
creator: Saúl Jiménez-Jiménez
creator: Salomón Cordero-Sánchez
creator: José-Gerardo Mejía-Hernández
creator: David Quintanar-Guerrero
creator: Luz-María Melgoza-Contreras
creator: Rafael Villalobos-García
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Proton pump inhibitor leaflets
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the existence of information about deprescription in the leaflets of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medications. The leaflets available on the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) websites for the following medications were analyzed: omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, dexlansoprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole. The variables collected in each leaflet were the existence: a) about deprescribing; b) of guidance on the deprescription process; c) maximum recommended time for use; and d) risk of prolonged use. This information was analyzed in accordance with the PPI deprescription guideline, from Canada. Regarding the medication leaflets, 83.33 % from ANVISA and 100 % from the FDA did not present explicit and systematic guidance on deprescribing. Regarding the maximum time of use, 100 % of the leaflets from both agencies contained this information. Regarding the risks of prolonged use of the medication, 33.33 % of the ANVISA leaflets and 33.3 % of the FDA leaflets did not report the increased risks described in the guideline. The results highlight a large gap in information about deprescribing in PPI leaflets; this highlighting is necessary to contribute to the promotion of the rational use of medicines.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Leaflet
  topic: keywords
subject: Deprescription
  topic: keywords
subject: Rational Use of Medicines
  topic: keywords
subject: Proton Pump Inhibitors
  topic: keywords
subject: Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA)
  topic: keywords
subject: Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
  topic: keywords
creator: Marcus Vinícius Lopes Campos
creator: Farah Maria Drumond Chequer
creator: Luanna Gabriella Resende da Silva
creator: André Oliveira Baldoni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-20
publication date: 2025-01-20
doi: 10.1590/

Medicines for the management of overweight and obesity
type: item
description: To synthesize the evidence about pharmacologic treatment of obesity and overweight and to define the options with the best risk-benefit using the stochastic analysis of multicriteria acceptability (SMAA). The analysis addresses a systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42023423308) whose research was realized in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials were included, which verified the effects of sibutramine, orlistat, liraglutide, and semaglutide in patients with IMC ≥ 26 Kg/ m². The risk of bias analysis was performed with RoB 2.0 and the outcomes evaluated were weight loss and serious adverse events. A total of 102 studies with 45.047 participants were included. The network meta-analysis revealed that all the treatments were significantly more effective than the placebo in weight reduction. The use of semaglutide (especially 0.4 mg/day) was associated with a bigger weight loss in comparison to all the other treatments (p<0.05) and the analysis of SMAA showed a risk-benefit of 95%. Besides that, we suggest re-evaluating of sibutramine 10mg/day as a therapeutic option for patients without hypertension or cardiovascular diseases, and we demonstrate the modest weight loss promoted by orlistat 120mg, sibutramine 5mg, and liraglutide 1,8mg and advise against its use, once the benefits do not outweigh the risks.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Weight loss
  topic: keywords
subject: Adverse events
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk-benefit
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacological treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Obesity
  topic: keywords
creator: Gabriela Masiero Marcon
creator: Jhonatan Mendes Paiva
creator: Mariana Delariva Sakiyama
creator: Fernanda Stumpf Tonin
creator: Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
creator: Suzane Virtuoso
creator: Andreia Cristina Conegero Sanches
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Neuropharmacological profile of new thiazepinone and thiazolidinone compounds designed by virtual screeningAuthorshipSCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS
type: item
description: To evaluate the neuropharmacological profile of new spiro thiazepinone and thiazolidinone compounds in CD1 mice after a computer-aided virtual screening based on a GABA-A/BZD site. From a library of 240 pyrazolo[1,4]thiazepin-3-ones and 39 pyrimidinyl thiazolidin-4-ones, two molecular prototypes of each series were selected by virtual screening using the rank consensus molecular docking approach, based on the GABA-A/BZD site. These compounds, coded as cpTP-0, cpTP-1, TAP-2 and cpTAP-2, were synthesised by multicomponent reactions and evaluated by neuropharmacological screening in CD1 mice (100 mg/kg, p.o.). The study revealed that cpTAP-2 exhibited a significant reduction of immobility time during the forced swimming test (FST), while it did not show any major effects in the rota-rod, open field, plus maze, tail suspension, pentylenetetrazole seizures, and barbiturate sleeping time tests. In a dose-response evaluation, cpTAP-2 reduced immobility time during forced swimming test in CD1 male mice at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg with biologically relevant effect sizes. These results suggest that cpTAP-2 could elicit antidepressant effects possibly related to GABA-A/benzodiazepine site, although other mechanisms could be implicated.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Antidepressant
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug design
  topic: keywords
subject: Virtual screening
  topic: keywords
subject: Spirothiazolidinone
  topic: keywords
subject: GABA-A/BZD receptor
  topic: keywords
creator: Juan Sebastian Carrero-Sandoval
creator: Paola Andrea Cuervo-Prado
creator: Fabian Orozco-Lopez
creator: Christian Alonso Becerra-Rivas
creator: Estefany Arias-Quiroz
creator: Mario Francisco Guerrero-Pabón
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Fractionation and separation of bioactive peptides using natural polymeric membrane
type: item
description: The increasing interest in bioactive peptides (BPs) for their potential in disease control and health promotion has been accompanied by a lack of scalable processes for their purification, hindering their commercial production. Membrane filtration, especially using polymeric membranes (PMs), has emerged as a promising technique for BP separation due to its excellent separation performance, ease of fabrication, and flexibility. By utilizing natural sources, such as chitosan, cellulose, lignin, gelatin, alginate, keratin, and silk fibroin, in PM production, the environmental impact of membrane-based separation processes can be reduced while maintaining sustainable, eco-friendly approaches. Natural polymer membranes have exhibited excellent separation performance in terms of molecular weight cut-off and rejection of unwanted compounds, and their performance can be further improved by combining them with nanoparticles or other polymers. This review presents the recent updates on the use of PMs derived from natural sources for the separation of BPs, covering the production and functions of BPs, different membrane separation technologies, and challenges faced during downstream purification.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Bioactive peptides
  topic: keywords
subject: Membrane filtration
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural polymer
  topic: keywords
creator: Violina Kalita
creator: Jyotirmoy Bhattacharyya
creator: Sidhartha Jyoti Bora
creator: Rupjyoti Kalita
creator: Partha Pratim Dutta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Analysis of the effectiveness of premedication in preventing early adverse reactions to antivenom serum from 2017 to 2021
type: item
description: This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of using an antivenom serum (AVS) premedication protocol to prevent early adverse reactions (EAR). This is a cohort study conducted with data from the Londrina Information and Toxicological Assistance Center (CIATox-Londrina) at the University Hospital of the State University of Londrina (HU-UEL), which included patients treated with AVS between January/2017 and December/2021. The independent variable was performing the premedication protocol and the dependent variable was the occurrence of EAR after AVS administration. Patients were followed until hospital discharge. The association analysis was performed with calculation of the Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). A total of 806 cases of accidents with venomous animals were analyzed. The minority (8.1%; n=65) had EAR, and the most frequent symptoms were related to dermatological and respiratory manifestations. The AVS premedication protocol was performed in 96.6% (n=734) of the cases. There was no statistically significant difference in the unadjusted (RR: 1.487; 95% CI: 0.530-4.174) and adjusted (RR: 1.482; 95% CI: 0.522-4.210) models regarding the performance of the AVS premedication protocol and the occurrence of EAR. It is recommended against AVS premedication given the lack of effectiveness in preventing EAR.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Antivenom
  topic: keywords
subject: Early adverse reaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Hypersensitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Premedication
  topic: keywords
creator: Gustavo Abud Priedols
creator: Jonas Alher Meira Alves
creator: Jordana Meirelles de Oliveira
creator: Jéssica Vertuan Rufino
creator: Edmarlon Girotto
creator: Camilo Molino Guidoni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Search for new antimicrobials against extended spectrum β-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli
type: item
description: Pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli can cause gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), bacteremia, and other severe infections. Some isolates of this species are capable of producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes, which mediate resistance against penicillin derivates and cephalosporins. Fungi of the Ascomycota phylum are known to produce antibiotics from different classes with activity against various bacterial agents. Among them, the genera Penicillium, Cephalosporium, Acremonium and Fusidium are known for the production of antimicrobial substances such as penicillin derivates, cephalosporins and fusidic acid. Currently, the search for new antimicrobials produced by species of the Ascomycota phylum includes the assessment of less explored habitats including aquatic environments, extreme environments, and the interior of plants/animals. The genus Penicillium remains promising for the discovery of new antimicrobial substances against resistant bacteria. In addition, those fungi have also been investigated regarding their usefulness for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity. This narrative review introduces clinically relevant Escherichia coli pathovars, the historical contributions of the phylum Ascomycota to the production of antimicrobials, aspects of bioprocesses in the production of antimicrobial metabolites and different approaches of research targeting new antimicrobials such as screenings for fungi in environments not yet studied and the green synthesis mediated by fungi with antimicrobial activity.
subject: Review
  topic: section
subject: Escherichia coli
  topic: keywords
subject: Resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Antimicrobial drug
  topic: keywords
subject: Ascomycota
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug development
  topic: keywords
creator: Walter Oliva Pinto Filho Segundo
creator: Luciana Aires de Oliveira
creator: Ana Cláudia Alves Cortez
creator: Érica Simplício de Souza
creator: Hagen Frickmann
creator: João Vicente Braga de Souza
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Unraveling cerebroprotective potential of fenchone
type: item
description: In this study, we investigated the cerebroprotective effects of fenchone (FEN) against brain ischemia through in silico and in vivo approaches, focusing on the inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the modulation of oxidative stress markers. Molecular docking revealed the potential binding affinity of FEN for the NOS active site, with a binding energy of -6.6 kcal/mol. This was validated through molecular dynamics simulations over a 100 ns time frame, demonstrating stability and favorable interaction profiles. Wistar albino rats underwent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion/reperfusion (BCCAO/R) followed by FEN administration at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. Our results indicated a significant reduction in cerebral infarction size and improvements in electroencephalography (EEG) signal magnitude with FEN treatment. Additionally, FEN restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and infarct size compared to those in untreated ischemic rats. Histological analysis further corroborated the neuroprotective effects of FEN, demonstrating the structural preservation of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Overall, the results suggest that FEN plays a neuroprotective role in brain ischemia, potentially through the inhibition of NOS, reduction of oxidative stress, and modulation of antioxidants, highlighting the potential of FEN as a therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke management.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Fenchone
  topic: keywords
subject: Nitric oxide synthase
  topic: keywords
subject: BCCAO/R
  topic: keywords
subject: Cerebroprotective
  topic: keywords
subject: In silico studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Bangaru Mamatha
creator: Anka Rao Areti
creator: DSNBK Prasanth
creator: Narender Malothu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Implementation of pharmaceutical care
type: item
description: This is a commentary manuscript, which aims to carry out a critical analysis of the effects of Pharmaceutical Care (PC) without the continuity of the service by healthcare professionals. PC has proven to be a very effective practice for improving pharmacotherapy for medicine users. In Brazil, it is noticeable that in the vast majority of cases, PC is carried out by professionals who are already working within the healthcare systems under the supervision of researchers affiliated with universities, for the purpose of research and data collection. When the research ends there is no continuation of the service, which hinders its continuous implementation and the establishment of a connection with the community. It was observed that after discharge from pharmacotherapeutic monitoring, due to the interruption of the service, there was a deterioration in the clinical and laboratory parameters of individuals with chronic diseases. Therefore, it is clear that PC needs to be implemented not only for research purposes, but also in the “real world”, so that it is long-lasting and permanent with the monitoring of the patients using medication.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Health Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical care
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Services
  topic: keywords
creator: Luanna Gabriella Resende da Silva
creator: Thays Santos Mendonça
creator: Paulo Roque Obreli-Neto
creator: Mariana Linhares Pereira
creator: André Oliveira Baldoni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-, m-, o-xylene, and n-butyl acetate in urine by a validated gas chromatography method
type: item
description: This study was aimed to determine occupational and non-occupational exposure to benzene, toluene p-m-o-xylene (BTEXs) and butyl-acetate (nBA). The aim of this work was to develop a simple, sensitive, and reliable chromatographic method using urine, a non-invasive human sample. The method was applied to samples collected from furniture spray workers (n=53) who are at risk of exposure to BTEXs and nBA and office workers (n=51) who have no known exposure risk. Method validation tests, include the sensitivity (LOD≤0.018 ng/mL), precision (RSD≤4.1), accuracy (RE% (-3.9)-4.7), recovery (96.1-103.8%) and linearity (r2≥0.999). Urinary benzene (1.77 vs 1.23 ng/mL, exposed-control, respectively), toluene (51.22 vs 0.77 ng/mL), ethylbenzene (9.25 vs 6.69 ng/mL), para-xylene (1.73 vs 0.62 ng/mL), meta-xylene (2.58 vs 1.20 ng/mL), ortho-xylene (1.61 vs 0.88 ng/ mL), and butyl acetate (33.14 vs 1.63 ng/mL) concentrations were determined in the exposed and control group samples. Significant correlations were found between benzene (p=0.286*), ethylbenzene (p=0.552***) and o-xylene (p=0.292*) levels and smoking status in samples belonging to the control group. The occupationally-exposure-risk group samples have significantly higher BTEXs and nBA concentrations than the control (p<0.001). It was determined that smoking was a significantly effective factor in exposure to benzene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene in the control group.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: BTEXs
  topic: keywords
subject: n-Butyl acetate
  topic: keywords
subject: Headspace-GC-FID
  topic: keywords
subject: Urine
  topic: keywords
subject: Occupational exposure
  topic: keywords
subject: Smoking
  topic: keywords
creator: Emrah Dural
creator: Betül İşiner Kaya
creator: Görkem Mergen
creator: Erhan Boran
creator: Tülin Söylemezoğlu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

https://revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/233790
type: item
title: Machine learning based QSAR and Molecular Dynamics simulations in the structural design and mechanism of action of imidazole derivatives with anti-melanoma activityAuthorshipSCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS
description: Cancer is defined as a group of diseases in which abnormal cells multiply and can invade other organs, requiring continuous studies for new drugs. A series of 177 imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and imidazo[1,2-a] pyrazine synthetic derivatives were previously obtained, and their anti-melanoma IC50 values have been determined. Here, Artificial Intelligence algorithms were used to select molecular descriptors and build a QSAR model, highlighting structural characteristics related to enhanced molecular potency. Additionally, the imidazopyrazine nucleus was compared to a known inhibitor of the Aurora Kinase enzyme, an important target in cancer therapy. Thus, strategic imidazopyrazines were subjected to comparative molecular dynamics calculations, providing inferences about their possible mechanisms of action. The QSAR model allows for the design and prediction of nine new analogues with favourable predicted IC50 values. Molecular dynamics simulations and the estimated binding energies are consistent with the ranking of activities presented by representatives of the series.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Imidazole derivatives
  topic: keywords
subject: Anti-melanoma activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Bio-inspired algorithms
  topic: keywords
subject: Random Forest
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular Dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: QSAR
  topic: keywords
creator: Rosalvo Ferreira de Oliveira Neto
creator: Sérgio Ruschi Bergamachi Silva
creator: Cintia Emi Yanaguibashi Leal
creator: Edilson Beserra de Alencar Filho
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Assessing the impact of clinically relevant medicinal chemistry teaching
type: item
description: Considering the unique role of medicinal chemistry in the pharmacists’ formation, in this work we assessed the impact of medicinal chemistry teaching on the interpretation of a clinical situation using statistical and learning gain analysis. Lectures were conducted with or without medicinal chemistry information about the drugs involved, and pre and post-tests were applied. Pharmacy students (n = 35) were divided into two experimental groups (control and test) and presented with a case report selected from literature involving statin-related myopathy when a pre-test was applied. A lecture containing pharmacological information on statins was delivered to the students from the control group. In contrast, the test group received the same information, but medicinal chemistry elements of statins were inserted, and afterward post-test was applied. The scores from the pre-test and post-test were statistically evaluated and used to calculate Cohen’s d, Hake’s, and Dellwo’s G learning gains to compare the performance of the students from both groups. The results showed that students from the test group obtained significantly higher performance in the post-test and higher learning gain values. In summary, medicinal chemistry elements provided important knowledge to unveil the reported clinical situation and to provide skills for adequate drug selection to avoid statin-related myopathy.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Case studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning gain
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical pharmacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Medicinal chemistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacy practice
  topic: keywords
creator: Fernanda Domingues Lustoza
creator: João Paulo S. Fernandes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Multitarget CDK inhibitors roscovitine and UCN‑01 induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting cell cycle progression and transcription
type: item
description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world, and its incidence is steadily rising in developing nations. Cell cycle aberrations due to deregulation of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins are common events during colorectal carcinogenesis. Herein, we investigate the anticancer potential of two multitarget CDK inhibitors viz. roscovitine (specific inhibitor of CDK1, 2, 7, and 9) and UCN-01 (pan CDK inhibitor) against three CRC cell lines. Both the drugs exerted cytotoxicity and inhibited clonogenic potential of human CRC cell lines. These drugs induced apoptosis, downregulated cell cycle regulatory and transcriptional CDKs and cyclins’ protein expression as well as their activity. Moreover, dual combination of either of these CDK inhibitors with standard chemotherapeutic drugs was found to be synergistic in CRC cells. Thus, we demonstrate that multiple CDK inhibition offers promising therapeutic strategy against CRC.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: CDK inhibitors
  topic: keywords
subject: Roscovitine
  topic: keywords
subject: UCN-01
  topic: keywords
subject: Colorectal cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Cell cycle
  topic: keywords
subject: Apoptosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Transcription inhibition
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug combination
  topic: keywords
creator: Sonal Mohan Manohar
creator: Kalpana Sanjay Joshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Salivary stimulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker extract for Sjögren’s syndrome
type: item
description: Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) damages exocrine glands, and Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker (Lilii Bulbus, LB) shows potential as a therapeutic agent. This study evaluated LB’s efficacy in alleviating xerostomia using non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice and human salivary gland acinar (NS-SV-AC) cells. In vitro, NS-SV-AC cells were treated with LB (1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 µg/mL) and 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (2 µM/mL) for 48 h. Cell viability, fluid secretion, and aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) expression were assessed. In vivo, thirty 20-week-old NOD/SCID mice received LB orally (100, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, with salivary secretion rates measured. AQP-5 and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) expression and inflammatory mediator levels were determined using western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Histopathological examination of salivary glands was also performed. LB significantly increased NS-SV-AC cell proliferation, fluid secretion, and AQP-5 expression. In NOD/SCID mice, LB reduced anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-6, while increasing AQP-5 and M3R expression. This resulted in increased salivary secretion and reduced glandular inflammation. LB extract appears promising for managing oral health by enhancing salivation, upregulating AQP-5, and modulating immune-inflammatory responses.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Sjögren’s syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Salivary
  topic: keywords
subject: Dry mouth
  topic: keywords
subject: Lilii
  topic: keywords
subject: Lilium
  topic: keywords
creator: Na-Yeon Ha
creator: Haein Jeong
creator: Mun Seog Chang
creator: Jinsung Kim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Rifampicin liposomes loaded on calcium phosphate cement scaffold constructed using 3D printing technology for sustained drug release
type: item
description: Rifampicin (RFP) is used for the treatment of chronic bone tuberculosis owing to its powerful and wide spectrum antibacterial activities. However, effective concentrations of RFP required to treat bone tuberculosis are maintained for a short time in vivo, and adverse reactions and bone defects may occur after surgery. Therefore, the construction of a new drug delivery system to overcome these problems is required. In this study, we designed, constructed, and demonstrated the applicability of a calcium phosphate cement scaffold loaded with RFP liposomes for the treatment of bone tuberculosis. RFP liposomes were prepared using a film dispersion method. The preparation method was optimized using the encapsulation rate as an indicator and the morphology, mean particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation rate, and drug loading of RFP liposomes were characterized. Calcium phosphate cement scaffolds were constructed using 3D printing technology and used as RFP liposome carriers for sustained-release drug delivery. Finally, some of the properties were verified in vivo through experiments in rabbits. The results indicated that composite scaffolds can provide sustained drug release and are a promising treatment option for bone tuberculosis.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Rifampicin
  topic: keywords
subject: Liposomes
  topic: keywords
subject: 3D printing technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Calcium phosphate cement
  topic: keywords
subject: Bone tuberculosis
  topic: keywords
creator: Jie Jin
creator: Mingfeng Zheng
creator: Xinjun Cai
creator: Xudong Fan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Screening of SIRT2 inhibitors from natural product databases using computer-aided drug design and molecular dynamics simulation
type: item
description: This study is committed to searching for inhibitors of deacetylase SIRT2 within the natural product database via computer-aided drug design techniques. A comprehensive computer-aided drug design platform has been successfully established by integrating various techniques such as drug-likeness screening, pharmacokinetic prediction, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (YaTCM) has been thoroughly explored to identify SIRT2 inhibitors, and the discovered compounds have been validated using molecular dynamics simulation. Through the computer-aided drug design method, five compounds capable of binding to SIRT2 have been successfully screened out from 47,696 natural product compounds derived from 6,220 herbs in the YaTCM database. Molecular dynamics simulation reveals that Artonin E and Paleatin B can form stable receptor-ligand complexes in the active pocket of SIRT2 inhibitors. Based on computer-aided drug design and virtual screening and verification techniques, Artonin E and Paleatin B have been identified as inhibitors of SIRT2, which is a key therapeutic target for the treatment of neuroblastoma. Applying computer aided drug design techniques to identify potential drug molecules from natural products holds profound significance for drug research.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: SIRT2
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuroblastoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Computer-aided drug design
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular dynamics simulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular docking
  topic: keywords
creator: Tianyi Liu
creator: Hongli Yin
creator: Xue Dong
creator: Qingyang Hu
creator: Xuejiao Hu
creator: Wenxin Yan
creator: Huanhuan Wang
creator: Zhong Li
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Composition of food supplements containing melatonin available in Portugal
type: item
description: Melatonin straddles the boundary between food supplements and medicine. In Portugal, its classification is contingent upon a critical dosage threshold of 2 mg. This study aimed to detail the composition of melatonin-containing food supplements, available in Portugal based on their labels, and report the number of potential intoxications. Data was collected from 44 food supplements, and the difference in active ingredients was revealed towards the 16 approved medicines. Data on melatonin intoxication cases from 2018 to 2022 were obtained from the Portuguese Poisons Information Center (CIAV). Melatonin supplements, available in tablets, capsules, gummies, powders, or sprays, exhibited a recommended daily dose ranging from 1 to 1.95 mg. Only 20% contained melatonin alone, while the majority included plant extracts and vitamins. The absence of clinical studies supporting the efficacy of melatonin combined with plant extracts in these formulations raises concerns about their evidence-based effectiveness. Medicines contain 2 to 3 mg of melatonin per tablet, either immediate or modified release. Melatonin intoxication occurs mainly in children, with a higher prevalence between the first year of life and the age of four. Food supplements containing melatonin and plant extracts should be more carefully studied, including the potential adverse effects.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Melatonin
  topic: keywords
subject: N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
  topic: keywords
subject: Dietary supplement
  topic: keywords
subject: Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Intoxication
  topic: keywords
creator: Beatriz Vieira Araújo
creator: Fátima Rato
creator: João Paulo Capela
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Proposing a new anti-Covid-19 agent by using molecular docking and dynamics simulations
type: item
description: The Covid-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is considered one of the important drug targets for the treatment of Covid-19. Recent studies have shown that anisotine should be a potent Mpro inhibitor. In the present work, four oxoquinoline derivatives are proposed as candidates for Mpro inhibitors. The main functional group of these derivatives shows similarity to anisotine, and they are active against the HSV-1, as well as the latter. Molecular docking studies evaluated whether these compounds could be active against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. Structural modifications were proposed on the oxoquinoline derivative which formed a more stable complex with Mpro and this proposal formed an even more stable complex besides exhibiting improvements in the toxicological profile. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that derivatives proposed promote greater stabilization by complexing with Mpro than anisotine.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: SARS-CoV-2
  topic: keywords
subject: Covid-19
  topic: keywords
subject: Mpro
  topic: keywords
subject: Oxoquinoline derivatives
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular docking
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular dynamics
  topic: keywords
creator: Izabella Rodrigues Fonseca da Silva
creator: Luís Felipe Guerreiro Martins
creator: Julliane Yoneda
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of enantioselective hydroxychloroquine kinetics and impact of genetic polymorphisms
type: item
description: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a chiral drug used to treat malaria and inflammatory diseases, available as a racemic mixture of R-and S-HCQ. This work aimed to build physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict the pharmacokinetics (PK) of R-and S-HCQ and assess the impact of major genetic polymorphisms on PK. Whole-body PBPK models accounting for first-order absorption, Rodgers and Rowland distribution method, and enzyme kinetics data were built for R-and S-HCQ. The models were verified by comparing predicted PK parameters with observed ones, with a mean error within the acceptable range (0.5-2 fold). Simulations covered CYP2D6 normal metabolizer (NM), poor metabolizer (PM), and ultra-rapid metabolizer (UM) phenotypes, as well as CYP2C8 NM and PM phenotypes. The results revealed a 1.1-fold increase in area under the curve blood concentration versus time (AUC) for CYP2D6 PM individuals and a 0.9-fold reduction for UM individuals compared to NM individuals. In addition, simulations with CYP2D6 and CYP2C8 PM phenotype individuals combined with the CYP3A4 inhibitor clarithromycin showed increased AUC for R-and S-HCQ of 2.34 and 2.68, respectively. These PBPK models offer reliable predictions for R-and S-HCQ enantioselective kinetics and shed light on previously unexplored scenarios.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Hydroxychloroquine
  topic: keywords
subject: Enantiomers
  topic: keywords
subject: PBPK
  topic: keywords
subject: Gene polymorphisms
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug interactions
  topic: keywords
creator: Gabriella de Souza Gomes Ribeiro
creator: Leandro Francisco Pippa
creator: Fernanda de Lima Moreira
creator: Natália Valadares de Moraes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

New discoveries of the action of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) - Enhanced efficacy in formulations
type: item
description: Skin oxidation can impair physiological functions and induce skin diseases, such as photoaging and cancer. L-ascorbic acid (L-AA), or vitamin C, is commonly used in cosmetics because it is a potent antioxidant, inhibits melanogenesis, and promotes collagen and elastin synthesis in the skin. This study developed strategies to improve the stability of L-AA in its pure form with or without caffeic acid (CA) and evaluated its clinical efficacy using an ex vivo method. Oil/water emulsions were prepared with antioxidants and normal stability tests were conducted (various temperatures for 360 days). Antioxidant activity was assessed using a DPPH assay, and L-AA content was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method characterized the inhibition of lipid peroxides in the stratum corneum ex vivo. The formulation F1 (base + 10.0% L-AA) exhibited better L-AA stability over 360 days. The formulations F1 and F2 (base + 10.0% L-AA + 0.2% CA) increased the production of lipid peroxides when applied to the stratum corneum ex vivo and irradiated; however, when not irradiated, they inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species. For greater clinical efficacy of vitamin C on the skin, nighttime use is suggested as well as storage at low temperatures.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Ascorbic acid
  topic: keywords
subject: Caffeic acid
  topic: keywords
subject: Lipid peroxidation
  topic: keywords
subject: Cosmetic stability
  topic: keywords
subject: Tiobarbituric acid
  topic: keywords
subject: Antioxidants
  topic: keywords
creator: Andressa Costa de Oliveira
creator: Ana Lucia Morocho-Jacome
creator: Tércio Elyan Azevedo Martins
creator: Claudinéia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira Pinto
creator: André Rolim Baby
creator: Maria Valéria Robles Velasco
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

The Effect of long-term rapamycin administration on intracellular calcium quantification and RhoA activity in kainic acid epilepsy model
type: item
description: Epilepsy affects around 50 million people worldwide, with 30% of them being refractory epilepsy. This shows that there is still a need for novel anti-seizure medication that have different mechanisms. One of the most common types of refractory epilepsy is temporal lobe epilepsy. Among the several effects of seizures on neurons is an increase in intracellular Ca2+ and activation of RhoA. Rapamycin is mTORC1 inhibitor, but long-term exposure to rapamycin (>18 hours) could also inhibit mTORC2. RhoA signaling pathway is regulated through the mTORC2 pathway; thus we hypothesized that long-term exposure to rapamycin could inhibit intracellular Ca2+ and RhoA activity as one of the mTORC2 downstream proteins, in a temporal lobe epilepsy model. This study used organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC) which were exposed to 20 nM rapamycin treatment for 3, 5, 8, and 10 days after induction of epilepsy by 7 μM kainic acid administration for 48 hours. Intracellular calcium concentration was observed using CLSM and RhoA activity with western blot. The results obtained from this research were long-term administration of rapamycin can decrease intracellular calcium concentration and RhoA activity in OHSC models of epilepsy induced by kainic acid, with the most effective duration is 5 days of exposure to rapamycin.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Rapamycin
  topic: keywords
subject: Calcium
  topic: keywords
subject: RhoA activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Organotypic hippocampal slice culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Epilepsy
  topic: keywords
subject: Kainic acid
  topic: keywords
creator: Rumman Karimah
creator: Machlusil Husna
creator: Kusworini Handono
creator: Hidayat Sujuti
creator: Aulanni’am Aulanni’am
creator: Afiyfah Kiysa Waafi
creator: Alya Satira
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Unlocking Dabrafenib’s Potential
type: item
description: This research aims to create dabrafenib (DBF)-loaded nanosponges (NSPs) using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and diphenyl carbonate (DPC) as linker to improve oral bioavailability. DBF-loaded β-CD NSPs were synthesized by finely adjusting the molar ratio of β-CD to DPC and optimizing the stirring rate and duration using design methodology. After being loaded with DBF, the produced β-CD NSPs were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential (Z.P), polydispersity index (PdI), and drug entrapment efficiency (E.E). Studies on compatibility were carried out with FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry). Permeability, in vivo, and in vitro experiments were performed on the improved NSPs and the pure medication. After optimizing DBF-loaded β-CD NSPs, a formulation with a mean size of 158.0 ± 7.2 nm, PdI of 0.282 ± 0.0044, and E.E of 86.23 ± 2.45% was obtained, based on the assessments indicated earlier. Zeta sizer, SEM, spectrum analysis, in vitro release, and pharmacokinetic tests were among the other analyses that further validated the optimization. An area under the curve (AUC0-t) of 7.95-fold greater and a Cmax 7.356 times higher than those of the free drug was demonstrated by the optimized β-CD NSPs, which showed a notable boost. The use of DBF-loaded NSPs holds promise as an effective strategy for enhancing release and bioavailability in the treatment of melanoma.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Box-Behnken design
  topic: keywords
subject: Cross-linker
  topic: keywords
subject: Cyclodextrin
  topic: keywords
subject: Solubility
  topic: keywords
subject: Dabrafenib
  topic: keywords
subject: Diphenyl carbonate
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality by Design
  topic: keywords
creator: Konda Sri Chaya Reddy
creator: Darna Bhikshapathi
creator: Jaini Pavan Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies
type: item
description: The juice of blood oranges, especially those of the Citrus sinensis variety Moro, cultivated in the region of Sicily (Italy), is an increasingly popular drink due to its beneficial health properties, such as its ability to reduce abdominal fat, related to its anthocyanin constituents, especially cyanidin-3-O-glycoside (C3G), as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, the dry extract of C. sinensis juice currently available at compounding pharmacies in Brazil includes samples from various countries, some of which may not have adequate climatic conditions for the production of anthocyanins. In this work, we investigated samples from the three major suppliers (reference, A1, and A2). The composition of the samples was analyzed by LC-UV and LC-MS, total anthocyanin content (TAC), antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), and in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, by NO production in macrophages. C3G was detected only in the reference sample (1.6%), the TAC values were 1.45%, 0.1% and 0.01% in the reference, A1, and A2, respectively. The reference and A1 showed similar antioxidant activity (EC50 of 45.6 and 62.4 µg/mL, respectively), while A2 showed lower activity (EC50 315.1 µg/mL). Only the reference sample showed significant inhibition of NO release, demonstrating the need for quality control of these commercialized samples.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Anthocyanins
  topic: keywords
subject: Citrus sinensis
  topic: keywords
subject: Antioxidant
  topic: keywords
subject: Anti-inflammatory
  topic: keywords
creator: Lídia Cristina Merlin de Meneses
creator: Maria Izabel Lamego Neta
creator: Jhenifer Luisa Miniuki
creator: Ingrid Vicente Farias
creator: Larissa Benvenutti
creator: Otto Mauricio Santos Gerlach
creator: Flávio H. Reginatto
creator: Angela Malheiros
creator: José Roberto Santin
creator: Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

A novel nano-emulsion cream of casein isolated from raw milk for thermal and acid burn wounds
type: item
description: Traditionally, raw cow milk has been employed to treat acid and thermal burns due to its antibacterial, antibiotic, and antifungal properties. It also aids in preventing scarring and alleviating burn-related skin discomfort. This study focuses on evaluating a nanoemulsion cream made from casein extracted from raw cow milk for managing acid and thermal burns. Casein was isolated and used to create 2%, 5%, and 10% w/w nanoemulsion creams. Wistar albino rats were used to induce acid and thermal burns, and the healing progress was monitored by measuring wound contraction and epithelialization period. The results demonstrated significant wound healing effects of the casein creams (p<0.001) in acid burns, with the 10% w/w cream showing the highest epithelization rate in thermal burns. Raw milk also exhibited notable healing properties in acid burns. However, its effectiveness was relatively lower in thermal burns. This study suggests that raw milk and its casein-derived creams could be utilized as first-aid treatments for acid burns, though they may be less effective for thermal burns.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Acid burn
  topic: keywords
subject: Casein
  topic: keywords
subject: Cream
  topic: keywords
subject: Hydroxyproline
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoemulsion
  topic: keywords
subject: Raw milk
  topic: keywords
subject: Thermal wound
  topic: keywords
creator: Shivani Shrivastava
creator: Saumya Das
creator: Chanchal Sharma
creator: Archna Singh
creator: Sanjita Das
creator: Manas Kumar Das
creator: Pankaj Kumar Tyagi
creator: Navneet Khurana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Metformin hydrochloride laden nanostructured lipid carriers
type: item
description: Metformin hydrochloride (MTF) has pharmacological properties for managing inflammatory skin conditions. MTF is a hydrophilic medication. Accordingly, embedding MTF into lipid carriers for enhancing skin penetration presents a challenge. The study aims to optimize the loading of MTF into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) using a 22 full factorial design, employing the solvent injection technique. The NLCs were evaluated for encapsulation efficiency, hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. Alkalinization of the aqueous phase (pH = 12.5) resulted in maximizing the entrapment of MTF within NLCs. Furthermore, the tested solid lipids impacted the encapsulation of MTF based on their hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. The optimized formulation is composed of a lipid phase incorporating beeswax (75 mg), oleic acid (25 mg), and Span 60 (1% w/w), and an aqueous phase comprised of 1% w/w Tween 80, pH 12.5. The selected formula attained an entrapment efficiency of 53.68 ± 0.27%, a particle size of 333.0 ± 6.4 nm, and a negative surface charge, indicating adequate particles` stability. DSC and Molecular docking analyses confirmed the MTF incorporation within the lipid phase. The outcomes emphasize the importance of optimizing investigations in developing a viable delivery system for MTF to boost its permeation across the skin layers.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Lipid nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)
  topic: keywords
subject: Metformin Hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular docking
  topic: keywords
subject: Factorial design
  topic: keywords
creator: Reem Y. Mahran
creator: Ehab A. Fouad
creator: Sozan S. Tous
creator: Nermin E. Eleraky
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Plantago major leaf extract against bacteria and fungi of medical importance
type: item
description: Antimicrobial drug resistance is a challenge to public health. Various microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pythium insidiosum, and Candida auris, have developed resistance to commonly used antimicrobials in infection disease treatments. Consequently, there is an urgent need to explore and develop novel therapeutic drugs. Natural products, particularly medicinal plants, have received attention in the quest for innovative treatments for various diseases. Plantago major is a plant endowed with several biological properties, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and healing actions. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extract obtained from the leaves of P. major. Microdilution assays were conducted to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentration. Additionally, synergism with antimicrobial drugs was assessed using a time-kill curve analysis. A synergistic bactericidal interaction between the extract and imipenem was observed against carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae. For MRSA, a bacteriostatic synergism was noted in combinations of the extract with cephalotin and oxacillin. For C. auris, a fungistatic interaction was observed between the extract and amphotericin B. These results suggest the presence of bioactive compounds within the extract with therapeutic potential for combating infections caused by these microorganisms.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Synergistic interaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural products
  topic: keywords
subject: Multi-drug resistant microorganisms
  topic: keywords
subject: Antimicrobial drugs
  topic: keywords
subject: Extract chemical composition
  topic: keywords
subject: Mass spectrometry
  topic: keywords
creator: Débora Silva Marques de Sousa
creator: Luciana da Silva Ruiz
creator: Ana Flávia Marques Pereira
creator: Alessandra Aguirra Sani
creator: Tatiane Baptista Zapata
creator: Gabrielle Pires de Morais Monari
creator: Cassiana Ferreira da Rosa
creator: Ary Fernandes Junior
creator: Vera Lucia Mores Rall
creator: Diego Godina Prado
creator: Alberto de Oliveira
creator: Sandra de Moraes Gimenes Bosco
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/

Hydromethanolic extracts of Morus alba L. (Mulberry) young and ripe fruit induces apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells (A549)
type: item
description: The study investigates the potential of Morus alba L. (mulberry) young and ripe fruit extracts against lung cancer cells. Cancer ranking as the second leading cause of global mortality, it is essential to investigate natural compounds like phytochemicals for therapeutic benefits. The research investigates presence of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of both young (MAF-Y) and ripe (MAF-R) mulberry fruit extracts. Results revealed presence of various secondary metabolites, particularly high phenolic content and antioxidant properties in MAF-R. Both extracts demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), with IC50 18.4 ± 3.01µg/ml (MAF-R) and 29.41 ±3.6 µg/ml (MAF-Y). Moreover, the extracts effectively inhibited cell migration. Treatment of extracts elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which resulted in disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced the process of apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells. This was evidenced through various assays including differential staining and DNA fragmentation analysis. These findings underscore the potential of mulberry fruit extracts as promising candidates for cancer prevention and treatment due to their antioxidant properties, cytotoxic effects, and ability to induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells.
subject: Article
  topic: section
subject: Antioxidant activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Apoptosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Cytotoxicity
  topic: keywords
subject: Lung cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Morus alba L
  topic: keywords
creator: Payal Sargara
creator: M. Nataraj
creator: Ramalingam B. Subramanian
creator: Anjali B. Thakkar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
doi: 10.1590/