Occurrence of Leptospira spp. and factors associated with the  infection in horses from a military contingent in the Rio Grande do  Sul State, Brazil

Mariane Pacheco  Bastiani; Luciane Teresinha  Lovato; Ana Eucares  von Laer; Luciana  Pötter; Rogério Oliveira  Rodrigues; Bianca Costabile de  Souza; Geder Paulo  Herrmann; Luis Antonio  Sangioni; Sonia de Avila Botton

doi:10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.180884

Authors

Mariane Pacheco Bastiani Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-5297
Luciane Teresinha Lovato Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4940-6306
Ana Eucares von Laer Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-4230
Luciana Pötter Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-4468
Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-4662
Bianca Costabile de Souza Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1609-530X
Geder Paulo Herrmann Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6464-7335
Luis Antonio Sangioni Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2364-1084
Sonia de Avila Botton Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-9217

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.180884

Keywords:

Leptospirosis, Abortion, Serologic tests, Risk factors, Horses

Abstract

The seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. and infection risk factors were investigated in horses from a military contingent in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A total of 446 horses were evaluated and categorized into 309 mares, 11 stallions, and 126 horses with an average age of three years. To determine seroprevalence, serum samples from all horses were submitted to the microscopic agglutination test against 12 serovars belonging to nine serogroups, usually circulating in equine populations. To investigate the possible risk factors of infection by Leptospira spp., questionnaires were applied in that military unit. The seroprevalence in the horses with an average age of 3 years, mares, and stallions were 57.94% (73/126), 54.05% (165/309), and 45.45% (5/11), respectively. The main risk factors identified were contact with different water sources, the presence of rodents, and contact with wild and domestic animals. The high seroprevalence of anti‑Leptospira spp. antibodies may be associated with the presence of these risk factors. Therefore, the exposure of horses to possible reservoirs of Leptospira spp. should be minimized. Also, the immunoprophylaxis protocol should be reviewed and a shorter interval between vaccinations adopted to control leptospirosis in this herd.

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References

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Occurrence of Leptospira spp. and factors associated with the infection in horses from a military contingent in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

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