Fatty acids profile, atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices in the meat of lambs that received canola grain

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.178023

Keywords:

Hypercholesterolemic fatty acids, Hypocholesterolemic fatty acids, Meat quality, Unsaturated fatty acids, Oilseeds

Abstract

This study evaluated the fatty acid composition and qualitative characteristics of meat from lambs feed in feedlot with increasing levels of canola grain. Meat obtained from 27 lambs fed 0, 8 and 16% inclusion of canola grain were analyzed. There was a reduction in the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA): lauric, heptadecanoic, and stearic; and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA): palmitoleic, oleic, and eicosatrienoic, with the increasing levels of canola grain. There was a linear reduction for the ω3 acid and the ω3: ω6 ratio, while the ω6: ω3 ratio increased. But the values observed for this ratio (ω6: ω3) were lower than 4, which is considered a satisfactory value. There was a slight increase (~2%) for the thrombogenicity index and atherogenicity index with the inclusion of canola grain. There was a reduction in the hypocholesterolemic: hypercholesterolemic ratio, with mean values of 2.09 for the diet with 0% inclusion, and 2.06 for 8 and 16% inclusion of canola. Although the inclusion of canola grain for lambs decreased the content of some UFA, reflecting alterations in the correlated nutritional properties, there is a reduction of SFA. The results for instrumental analysis, proximate composition, and sensory acceptance of the lamb meat were similar among the treatments.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Association of Official Analytical Chemists – AOAC. Official methods of analysis. 19th ed. Washington: AOAC; 2000.

Bentes AS, Souza HAL, Mendonca XMFD, Simões MG. Physical and nutritional characterization and lipid profile of three amazon fish species. Braz J Agroind Technol. 2009;3(2):97-108.

Bobe G, Zimmerman S, Hammond EG, Freeman AEG, Lindeberg GL. Texture of butters made from milks differing in indices of atherogenicity. Anim Ind Rep. 2004;650:1-3. https://doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-691.

Bonacina MS, Osório MTM, Osório JCS, Corrêa GF, Hashimoto JH. The influence of sex and finishing system on carcass and meat quality of Texel × Corriedale lambs. Rev Bras Zootec. 2011;40(6):1242-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982011000600012.

Bouton PE, Harris PV, Shorthose WR. Effect of ultimate pH upon the water-holding capacity and tenderness of mutton. J Food Sci. 1971;36(3):435-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1971.tb06382.x.

Buccioni A, Decandia M, Minieri S, Molle G, Cabiddu A. Lipid metabolism in the rumen: new insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2012;174(1-2):1-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.02.009.

Caldeira LA, Ferrão SPB, Fernandes SAA, Magnavita AP, Santos TDR. Nutritional quality indexes of lipid fraction of milk from Murrah buffalo, produced at different stages of lactation. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2010;69(4):545-54.

Campo MM. Estandarización de las metodologias para evaluar la calidad del produto (animal vivo, canal, carne y grasa) em los rumiantes. Madrid: INIA Cañeque & Sañudo; 2005. Chap. 8, p. 409-22.

Cañeque V, Sañudo C. Metodología para el estúdio de la calidad de la canal y de la carne en rumiantes. Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología y alimentaria; 2000.

Cezar MF, Souza WH. Carcaças ovinas e caprinas – obtenção, avaliação e classificação. Uberaba: Agropecuária Tropical; 2007.

Costa RG, Santos NM, Sousa WH, Queiroga RCRE, Azevedo PS, Cartaxo FQ. Qualidade física e sensorial da carne de cordeiros de três genótipos alimentados com rações formuladas com duas relações volumoso: concentrado. Rev Bras Zootec. 2011;40(8):1781-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982011000800023.

Folch J, Lees M, Stanley GHS. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1957;226(1):497-509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5. PMid:13428781.

Frota KMG, Matias ACG, Areas JAG. Influence of food components on lipid metabolism: scenarios and perspective on the control and prevention of dyslipidemias. Food Sci Technol. 2010;30(suppl. 1):7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612010000500002.

Gallo SB, Siqueira ER, Rosa GT. Efeito da nutrição da ovelha e do cordeiro sobre o perfil de ácidos graxos do músculo Triceps brachii de cordeiros. Rev Bras Zootec. 2007;36(suppl. 6):2069-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982007000900017.

Kim EJ, Huws S, Lee M, Scollan N. Dietary transformation of lipid in the rumen microbial ecosystem. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2009;22(9):1341-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.r.11.

Kišidayová S, Mihaliková K, Siroka P, Čobanová K, Váradyová Z. Effects of inorganic and organic selenium on the fatty acid composition of rumen contents of sheep and the rumen bacteria and ciliated protozoa. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2014;193:51-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.04.008.

Leão AG, Silva Sobrinho AG, Moreno GMB, Souza HBA, Giampietro A, Rossi RC, Perez HL. Physic-chemical and sensorial characteristics of meat from lambs finished with diets containing sugar cane or corn silage and two levels of concentrate. Rev Bras Zootec. 2012;41(5):1253-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012000500024.

Lira GM, Mancini-Filho J, Torres RP, Oliveira AC, Vasconcelos AMA, Omena CMB, Almeida MCS. Centesimal composition, caloric value, level of cholesterol, and fatty acid profile of the meat from buffalo (Bubalis bubalis) breeding in the area of São Luiz do Quitunde-AL. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 2005;64(1):31-8.

Little KL, Bohrer BM, Maison T, Liu Y, Stein HH, Boler DD. Effects of feeding canola meal from high-protein or conventional varieties of canola seeds on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and cutability of pigs. J Anim Sci. 2015;93(3):1284-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8359.

Loor JJ, Ueda K, Ferlay A, Chilliard Y, Doreau M. Biohydrogenation, duodenal flow, and intestinal digestibility of trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in response to dietary forage: concentrate ratio and linseed oil in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2004;87(8):2472-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73372-X. PMid:15328271.

Madruga MS, Araújo WO, Sousa WH, Cézar MF, Galvão MS, Cunha MGG. Efeito do genótipo e do sexo sobre a composição química e o perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cordeiros. Rev Bras Zootec. 2006;35(suppl. 4):1838-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982006000600035.

Monte ALS, Gonsalves HRO, Villarroel ABS, Damaceno MN, Cavalcante ABD. Qualidade da carne de caprinos e ovinos: uma revisão. Agropec Cient Semi-Árido. 2012;8(3):11-7.

Mu C, Yang W, Wang P, Zhao J, Hao X, Zhang J. Effects of high-concentrate diet supplemented with grape seed proanthocyanidins on growth performance, liver function, meat quality, and antioxidant activity in finishing lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2020;266:114518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114518.

National Research Council – NRC. Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids. New York: NRC; 2007. https://doi.org/10.17226/11654.

Oliveira AC, Silva RR, Oliveira HC, Almeida VVS, Garcia RF, Oliveira ULC. Influência da dieta, sexo e genótipo sobre o perfil lipídico da carne de ovinos. Arch Zootec. 2013;62:57-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v62iREV.1957.

Oliveira RL, Ladeira MM, Barbosa MAAF, Assunção DMP, Matsushita M, Santos GT, Oliveira RL. Ácido linoléico conjugado e perfil de ácidos graxos no músculo e na capa de gordura de novilhos bubalinos alimentados com diferentes fontes de lipídios. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. 2008;60(1):169- 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352008000100024.

Osório JCS, Osório MTM, Oliveira NM, Siewerdt L. Qualidade, morfologia e avaliação de carcaças. Pelotas: Universidade Federal de Pelotas; 2012.

Patterson E, Wall R, Fitzgerald GF, Ross RP, Stanton C. Health implications of high dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated Fatty acids. J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:539426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/539426. PMid:22570770.

Pelegrini LFV, Pires CC, Kozloski GV, Terra NN, Baggio SR, Campagnol PCB, Galvani DB, Chequim RM. Perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de ovelhas de descarte de dois grupos genéticos submetidas a dois sistemas de manejo. Cienc Rural. 2007;37(6):1786-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782007000600044.

Pinheiro RSB, Jorge AM, Souza HBA, Boiago MM. Coloração da gordura e qualidade da carne de ovelhas de descarte abatidas em distintos estágios fisiológicos. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. 2010;62(2):468-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352010000200029.

Pinheiro RSB, Jorge AM, Souza HBA. Sensorial acceptance and centesimal composition in the meat of ewes slaughtered in different physiological stages. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec. 2012;64(4):1053-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352012000400035.

Pinheiro RSB, Silva Sobrinho AG, Souza HBA, Yamamoto SM. Qualidade de carnes provenientes de cortes da carcaça de cordeiros e de ovinos adultos. Rev Bras Zootec. 2009;38(9):1790-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982009000900022.

Quiñones J, Maggiolino A, Bravo S, Muñoz E, Lorenzo JM, Cancino D, Díaz R, Saenz C, Sepúlveda N, De Palo P. Effect of canola oil on meat quality and fatty acid profile of Araucano creole lambs during fattening period. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2019;248:20-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.12.002.

Radmann EM, Costa JAV. Conteúdo lipídico e composição de ácidos graxos de microalgas expostas aos gases CO2, SO2 e NO. Quim Nova. 2008;31(7):1609-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422008000700002.

Ripoll G, Albertí P, Joy M. Influence of alfalfa grazing-based feeding systems on carcass fat colour and meat quality of light lambs. Meat Sci. 2012;90(2):457-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.09.007. PMid:21983425.

Rocha LAC. Qualidade do leite de búfala e desenvolvimento de bebida láctea com diferentes níveis de iogurte e soro de queijo [dissertation]. Itapetinga: Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia; 2008.

Saldanha ESPB, Gonzales E. Enriquecimento de ácidos graxos na alimentação de poedeiras. Pesqui Tecnol. 2012;9(1):1-5.

Santos VC, Ezequiel JMB, Pinheiro RSB, Barbosa JC, Galati RL. Carcass characteristics in lambs fed with grains and by-products of canola. Acta Sci Anim Sci. 2009;31(4):389- 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i4.6946.

Santos-Silva J, Bessa RJB, Santos-Silva F. Effect of genotype, feeding system and slaughter weight on the quality of light lambs: fatty and composition of meat. Livest Prod Sci. 2002;77(2):187-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00059-3.

Sañudo C, Enser ME, Campo MM, Nute GR, Maria G, Sierra I, Wood J. Fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics of lamb carcasses from Britain and Spain. Meat Sci. 2000;54(4):339-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(99)00108-4. PMid:22060790.

Sekali M, Marume U, Mlambo V, Strydom PE. Growth performance, hematology, and meat quality characteristics of Mutton Merino lambs fed canola-based diets. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2016;48(6):1115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1058-x. PMid:27126221.

Smeti S, Hajji H, Mekki I, Mahouachi M, Atti N. Effects of dose and administration form of rosemary essential oils on meat quality and fatty acid profile of lamb. Small Rumin Res. 2018;158:62-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.10.007.

Turan H, Sönmez G, Kaya Y. Fatty acid profile and proximate composition of the thornback ray (Raja clavata, L. 1758) from the Sinop coast in the Black Sea. J Fish Sci. 2007;1(2):97- 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/jfscom.2007012.

Ulbricht TLV, Southgate DAT. Coronary heart disease: seven dietary factors. Lancet. 1991;338(8773):985-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91846-M. PMid:1681350.

Wada FY, Prado IN, Silva RR, Moletta JL, Visentainer JV, Zeoula LM. Whole linseed and canola seed on performance apparent digestibility and carcass characteristics of nelore heifers finished in feedlot. Cienc Anim Bras. 2008;9(4):883- 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/cab.v9i4.1135.

Yamamoto SM, Silva Sobrinho AG, Pinheiro RSB, Leão AG, Castro DPV. Inclusion of sunflower seeds in the diet of lambs on carcass quantitative characteristics and meat quality. Semina: Ciênc Agrár. 2013;34(4):1925-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2013v34n4p1925.

Yang T, Fang S, Zhang HX, Xu LX, Zhang ZQ, Yuan KT, Xue CL, Yu HL, Zhang S, Li YF, Shi HP, Zhang Y. N-3 PUFAs have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on human colorectal cancer stem-like cells in vitro. J Nutr Biochem. 2013;24(5):744-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.03.023. PMid:22854319.

Zeola NMBL, Souza PA, Souza HBA, Silva Sobrinho AG. Qualitative parameters of lamb meat: a focus in ageing and marination. Rev Port Ciênc Vet. 2007;102(563):215-24.

Downloads

Published

2021-07-20

Issue

Section

FULL ARTICLE

How to Cite

Fatty acids profile, atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices in the meat of lambs that received canola grain. (2021). Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 58, e178023. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.178023