Periodontal disease severity is associated to pathogenic consortia comprising putative and candidate periodontal pathogens

Authors

  • Lélia Lima Araújo Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0974-9881
  • Talita Gomes Baêta Lourenço Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Rio de Janeiro http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-3620
  • Ana Paula Vieira Colombo Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia (Periodontia), Rio de Janeiro http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-1840

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0359

Keywords:

Gingivitis, Periodontitis, Dental plaque, PCR, Microbial consortia

Abstract

Based on a holistic concept of polymicrobial etiology, we have hypothesized that putative and candidate periodontal pathogens are more frequently detected in consortia than alone in advanced forms of periodontal diseases (PD). Objective: To correlate specific consortia of periodontal pathogens with clinical periodontal status and severity of periodontitis. Methodology: Subgingival biofilm was obtained from individuals with periodontal health (113, PH), gingivitis (91, G), and periodontitis (209, P). Genomic DNA was purified and the species Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Aa JP2-like strain, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Dialister pneumosintes (Dp), and Filifactor alocis (Fa) were detected by PCR. Configural frequency and logistic regression analyses were performed to correlate microbial consortia and PD. Results:  Aa + Pg in the presence of Dp (phi=0.240; χ2=11.9, p<0.01), as well as Aa JP2 + Dp + Fa (phi=0.186, χ2=4.6, p<0.05) were significantly more associated in advanced stages of P. The consortium Aa + Fa + Dp was strongly associated with deep pocketing and inflammation (p<0.001). The best predictors of disease severity (80% accuracy) included older age (OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.07 – 1.15], p<0.001), Black/African-American ancestry (OR 1.89 [95% CI 1.19 – 2.99], p=0.007), and high frequency of Aa + Pg + Dp (OR 3.04 [95% CI 1.49 – 6.22], p=0.002). Conclusion; Specific microbial consortia of putative and novel periodontal pathogens, associated with demographic parameters, correlate with severe periodontitis, supporting the multifactorial nature of PD.

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Published

2023-01-10

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

Periodontal disease severity is associated to pathogenic consortia comprising putative and candidate periodontal pathogens. (2023). Journal of Applied Oral Science, 31, e20220359. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0359