The effect of ellagic acid on the repair process of periodontal defects related to experimental periodontitis in rats

Authors

  • Figen Öngöz Dede http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4211-3359
  • Şeyma Bozkurt Doğan Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara
  • Umut Balli Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İstanbul
  • Mustafa Cenk Durmuşlar Kent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, İstanbul
  • Bahattin Avci Ondokuzmayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Samsun
  • Kanat Gülle Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta
  • Meryem Akpolat Ferah Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zonguldak

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0160%20

Keywords:

Ellagic acid, Periodontitis, Periodontal repair, Cytokines, Antioxidant, Alveolar bone defect

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) by measuring the levels of alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the periodontal tissues and serum on the periodontal repair process related to experimental periodontitis in rats. Methodology: Forty Wistar rats were divided into four study groups as follows: Group 1=healthy control (n=10); Group 2=EA control (15 mg/kg)(n=10); Group 3=periodontitis (n=10); Group 4=periodontitis+EA (15 mg/kg) (n=10). The periodontitis model was established by ligating bilateral mandibular first molars for 14 days. Then, rats were given normal saline or EA for another 14 days by gavage administration. Serum and gingiva myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG), and glutathione (GSH) levels were analyzed by ELISA. İmmunohistochemical analysis was used to detect Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) immunoreactivities in the periodontal tissues. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) and attachment loss (AL) was evaluated by histomorphometry analysis. Results: ABL and AL were statistically higher in group 3 than in groups 1, 2 and 4 and in group 4 than in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). MPO activities in gingival tissue and serum were significantly increased in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Significantly higher serum GSH levels, lower gingiva, and serum 8-OHdG levels, and MPO activity were observed in group 4 compared to group 3 (p<0.05). Rats with periodontitis (group 3) expressed significantly higher immunoreactivities of IL-6 and TNF-α and lower IL-10 immunoreactivity compared to those other groups (p<0.05). IL-6 and TNF-α immunoreactivities significantly decreased and IL-10 immunoreactivity increased in group 4 after the use of EA compared to group 3 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our findings showed that EA provides significant improvements on gingival oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and alveolar bone resorption in the repair process associated with experimental periodontitis. Therefore, EA may have a therapeutic potential on periodontitis.

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Published

2021-10-13

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

The effect of ellagic acid on the repair process of periodontal defects related to experimental periodontitis in rats. (2021). Journal of Applied Oral Science, 29, e20210160. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0160