Lesões desportivas e seus fatores de risco em adolescentes praticantes de natação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.76099Palavras-chave:
traumatismos em atletas, fatores de risco, inquéritos de morbidade, nataçãoResumo
Introdução: a natação é uma modalidade popular entre os adolescentes, no entanto, sua prática pode conduzir às lesões. Objetivos: caracterizar as lesões desportivas e associá-las com fatores de risco em adolescentes praticantes de natação de diferentes níveis de competitividade. Método: foram entrevistados 251 nadadores, com média de idade de 12,43±2,10 anos, ambos os sexos, recrutados ao acaso, classificadas em três níveis competitivos: categoria de iniciação, aperfeiçoamento e treinamento. Foi utilizado o inquérito de morbidade referida adaptado com as características da natação como instrumento de coleta que continha informações pessoais e de treinamento dos voluntários, como: idade, variáveis antropométricas e variáveis de treinamento e informações referentes às lesões ocorridas durante 12 meses. Todas as conclusões foram descritas no nível de 5% de significância. Resultados: Foram observadas 0,11 lesões por atleta e 1,03 lesões por atleta lesionado. Foi constatada associação entre presença e ausência de lesão com a variável estatura e tempo de treinamento. O mecanismo causal mais frequente foi o sem contato para as categorias de iniciação e treinamento. Os locais anatômicos mais acometidos foram os MMII e MMSS para todos os níveis de competitividade, assim como a gravidade leve, o treinamento e a ausência de recidiva predominaram. O retorno assintomático foi mais frequente para a iniciação, enquanto que o retorno sintomático prevaleceu na categoria de treinamento. Conclusão: a taxa de lesão nos adolescentes nadadores foi baixa. As variáveis estatura e tempo de treinamento foram associadas à ocorrência dos agravos. As características das lesões dependeram do nível de competitividade dos nadadores.Referências
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