New species of Pseudoptilolepis Snyder , 1949 ( Diptera : Muscidae ) from Brazil

Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) is a Neotropical genus with 10 known species. The present paper describes a new species from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI). Male and female terminalia were dissected and illustrated. Key-Words. Atlantic Forest; Biodiversity; Morphology; Taxonomy.


INTRODUCTION
Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) has its distribution restricted to the Neotropics (Lopes & Carvalho, 1985) and was originally proposed to four species: P. fulvapoda, P. nigripoda, P. nudapleura and P. confusa.Albuquerque (1954) added a new species, P. fluminensis.Pont (1972) proposed, in the Neotropical catalog, the new combination of Mydaea latipalpis Stein, 1918 to Pseudoptilolepis, already supported by previous considerations of Snyder (1949) and Albuquerque (1954).Lopes & Carvalho (1985) described the male of P. nudapleura and illustrated, for the first time, the terminalia of the four species previously described by Snyder (1949).In addition, they recorded the occurrence of P. fluminensis and P. fulvapoda from Curitiba (Paraná, Brazil).
Schühli & Carvalho (2005) revised Pseudoptilolepis and described four new species -P.centralis, P. chrysella, P. crocina, P. elbida.The authors also performed a cladistic analysis for eight species of Pseudoptilolepis (P.latipalpis and P. confusa were not included), based on 10 morphological characters.The genus was supported as monophyletic based on the forked aedeagus and the setulose calyptra.
Pseudoptilolepis belongs to the subfamily Cyrtoneurininae (Pont, 1972;Carvalho, 1993).A recent study by Haseyama et al. (2015) based on molecular analysis corroborated the traditional placement of the genus in Cyrtoneurininae.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The PNI (22°30'-22°33'S and 42°15'-42°19'W) was founded in 1937, being the first conservation unit with integral protection in Brazil.Located between the Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais states, in the Mountain range, comprising in Rio de Janeiro state, the cities of Itatiaia and Resende and in Minas Gerais state the cities of Itamonte and Bocaina de Minas (MMA, 2015).
The studied material was collected during expeditions of the "Dipterofauna of the PNI" project, coordinated by Valéria Cid Maia (Museu Nacional, UFRJ).Samples were collected monthly from March 2014 to April 2015, using Malaise, Van Somerem-Rydon with dog faeces and rotten sardines and CDC traps.The specimens were collected on the low part of PNI next to the trial "Ruy Braga" and "Casa do Pesquisador" road.The material was transported to the Diptera Laboratory at the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ, UFRJ) where it was mounted and identified with the use of taxonomic keys present in Couri & Carvalho (2002) and Schühli & Carvalho (2005).The terminology and abbreviations used followed McAlpine (1981), ex-ISSN On-Line: 1807-0205 ISSN Printed: 0031-1049 ISNI: 0000-0004-0384-1825 cept for "postpedicel" for "antennal flagellomere" as in Stuckenberg (1999).The material was deposited at MNRJ Entomological collection.
The digital images of the adults were made using a Leica MZ16 stereomicroscope and the software AutoMontage Pro by Syncroscopy, version 5.03.0061.
Male: Holotype body length 4.94 mm; wing length: 5.70 mm; Paratypes length body: 3.67-6.05mm, wing: 4.55-6.38mm.dorsocentral setae 2+3; prealar seta medium sized; three postpronotal setae; two notopleural setae, similar in size; two proepisternal setae, one strong; proepimeron with two setae, one strong; anepisternum with one anterior seta near to the anterior notopleural seta and a posterior row of setae; proepisternum without discal setulae.Wing clear.Legs: general color yellow, fore femur with a posterodorsal and a posteroventral row of setae; fore tibia with one posterior seta and two apical setae, one posteroventral and the other posterodorsal; mid femur with two posterior preapical setae; mid tibia with row of very short posterior setae on apical half, one submedian posteroventral seta, and one strong apical ventral seta; hind femur with complete rows of anterodorsal and anteroventral setae and one posterior preapical seta; hind tibia with three or four anterodorsal setae on middle third, two median anteroventral setae, and one strong apical ventral seta.
Terminalia: Cercal plate in dorsal view, narrowed with apical end acute, with the narrowest area of the median constriction occupying the basal two thirds (Fig. 7); surstylus discoid and concave; distiphallus forked with short and numerous setulae (Fig. 8).Ovipositor (Figs. 9, 10): Tergites and sternites slender, with microtrichia on the base of segment 6, cercus, epiproct and hypoproct.Tergite 6 with basal part rounded and the apical pointed.Sternites 6 and 7 slender, and sternite 8 composed of two small plates each with two setae.Cercus setulose and rounded at apex, longer than the epiproct and somewhat larger than hypoproct.Three pear-shaped spermathecae (Fig. 11).

Etymology:
The specific epithet "puri", noun in apposition, is named to the indigenous tribe that inhabited the area, the Indians Puri.

Remarks:
The new species can be distinguished from all other known Pseudoptilolepis species by the shapes of sternite 5 and cercal plate.It runs to P. fluminensis in Couri & Carvalho (2002) key but differs by the abdomen color pattern (Fig. 3), by the trapezoidal sternite 5 (Fig. 6), as high as wide, with hind margin as an inverted "U" and the shape of the cercal plate (Fig. 7).In the other hand, the new species runs to P. nigripoda in key of Schühli & Carvalho (2005) although differs by the hind femur yellow and terminalia morphology, especially the cercal plate.