New species and new records of Tonnoira (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Brazil

. A new species of moth-fly, Tonnoira igrapiunensis sp. nov. (Psychodidae, Psychodinae), from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest is described. The new species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by its eye bridge separated by 0.5 facet diameter, R₅ ending slightly posterior to apex of the wing, gonostyli bifurcated with long arm shorter than length of gonocoxites, aedeagus bipartite and asymmetrical, and two asymmetrical parameres. The gonostylus is similar to that of Tonnoira andradei Santos, 2014, but in the latter species the aedeagus has only one shaft and not two as in the new species. bifida Bravo & Chagas, 2004, Tonnoira brisolaii Santos, 2014, and Tonnoira galatiae Santos, 2014 have their distribution expanded.


INTRODUCTION
The American genus Tonnoira Enderlein, 1937 (Psychodinae) has been recorded from Nicaragua to Brazil (Espírito Santo State), with no records for the Caribbean islands. Twenty-five species are currently known for the genus Chagas-Vieira, 2012;Santos & Curler, 2014). There are records of seventeen Tonnoira species in Brazil, which represents 70% of all known species in that genus (Bravo & Chagas, 2004;Bravo et al., 2008;Chagas-Vieira, 2012;Santos & Curler, 2014). We describe here a new species of Tonnoira from the Atlantic Rain Forest of Bahia State, Brazil, and expand the distributions of three previously described species.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The specimens described here were collected by Dr. Sergio Andena and collaborators using Malaise and Pennsylvania light traps during an insect inventory in the Reserva Ecológica da Michelin (Michelin Ecological Reserve, 13°46′53″S; 38°49′44″W), which is located in the Central Corridor of the Atlantic Rain Forest, Bahia State. The Psychodidae specimens were collected in one of the most intact forest fragments in that reserve, called Vila 5, which covers 180 ha at elevations between 160 and 288 m a.s.l. (Fig. 1) (Nascimento et al., 2017).
The specimens examined in this study were cleared with 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH), neutralized with acetic acid 20%, dehydrated in ethanol, diaphanized in clove oil and mounted in Canada balsam on slides. General morphological terminology follows Cumming & Wood (2017). Cercus is preferred to the apical appendages of male terminalia following Araújo & Bravo (2019). Additional information not included in the collection label was added in brackets in material examined. The type specimens and other material studied are deposited in the Entomological Collection Prof. Johann Becker of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil (MZFS).
Comments: Santos & Curler (2014) provide an accurate diagnosis of Tonnoira. In some species of Tonnoira the R₅ ends at pointed apex but other species this vein ends slightly beyond the apex, thus, these character states should be included in the diagnosis.

Remarks:
The new species can be distinguished from other species of Tonnoira by the eye bridge with four facet rows, separated by 0.5 facet diameter; R₅ ending slightly posterior to apex of wing; gonostyli bifurcated, dorsal arm shorter than ventral arm; long arm of gonostyli shorter than length of gonocoxites; cerci with two tenacula; aedeagus bipartite, asymmetrical, short shaft 0.8 times the length of the long shaft; parameres asymmetrical, longer shaft with apex curved. The gonostylus is similar to that of T. andradei Santos, 2014, but differs, mainly, by the bifid aedeagus in the new species and with only one shaft in T. andradei. The ejaculatory apodeme and hypoproct in the new species is longer than the same structures in T. andradei.

Etymology:
The species name is a reference to the municipality of Igrapiúna where the specimens of the new species were collected.
Distribution: Known only from the type locality.