Plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos no cuidado da saúde mental em tempos de pandemia: uma revisão da literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v101i3e-183634Palavras-chave:
Plantas medicinais, Fitoterapia, Ansiedade, Insônia, COVID-19Resumo
Apesar do uso de plantas medicinais para tratamento de problemas de saúde ser tradicionalmente aceito, esta prática da medicina popular ainda encontra resistência por profissionais da saúde, sobretudo sob a alegação da falta de comprovação de seus efeitos. Durante o surto de Covid-19, houve aumento significativo do estresse, sintomas ansiosos e insônia e o uso de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos surge como uma alternativa terapêutica. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a eficácia de plantas medicinais como terapia alternativa e/ou complementar para transtornos de ansiedade e insônia. As plantas investigadas foram selecionadas a partir do Formulário de Fitoterápicos e Memento Fitoterápico da Farmacopeia Brasileira, sendo utilizados como descritores o nome científico da planta e os termos “anxiety” e “insomnia” com recorte temporal de 2015 a 2020. 230 resultados foram encontrados, 42 selecionados (27 em humanos e 15 em animais). Foi possível demonstrar efeitos ansiolíticos para as plantas capim santo (Cymbopogon citratus), lavanda (Lavandula officinalis), melissa (Melissa officinalis), maracujá (Passiflora incarnata) e valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) e sedativos para melissa, maracujá e valeriana. A kava-kava (Piper methysticum) demonstrou apenas efeito sedativo e a camomila (Matricaria chamomilla) apresentou eficácia clínica ansiolítica. Portanto, a potencial aplicação clínica dessas plantas é indicada para tratamento dos sintomas de ansiedade e insônia, ajudando a reduzir os sintomas psicológicos decorrentes da pandemia de Covid-19. Contudo, vale ressaltar a necessidade da padronização dos procedimentos metodológicos e avanço da fitoterapia na prática médica.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Ivan Justo de Mendonça Neto, Sabrina Santos Lourenço da Costa, Vinícius de Noronha Barboza, Clara Maria Germano Cidrack do Vale, Francisco Vitor Aires Nunes, Caio Augusto Martins Aires, Maiara de Moraes, Teresinha Silva de Brito
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
