Anxiety and depression in medical students: a cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v101i6e-195874Palavras-chave:
Ansiedade, Depressão, Mulheres, Estudantes de medicinaResumo
Introduction: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among university students is increasing in medical schools, and the female sex is indicated as a possible factor predisposing to mental exhaustion. In addition, the female sex is pointed out as a possible predisposing factor to mental exhaustion. The study aims to elucidate associated factors, as well as the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in medical students, to contribute to the establishment of prevention and treatment measures for future doctors. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving 812 medical students. A questionnaire on sociodemographic data, the Beck Depression Inventory - (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory - (BAI), were applied. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 22 program. Normality was tested by the Shapiro-Wilk and correlations were evaluated by the Spearman correlation test. Results: A prevalence of 34.2% of depression was observed among students, considering mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Regarding anxiety, our study observed a prevalence of 46.3%. Among the participants with anxiety, 56.4% had symptoms of depression: 22.6% were women; 50.3% of the students with depression had symptoms of anxiety, and 19.6% were women. After logistic regression analysis, symptoms of depression were related to anxiety (OR: 4.3; 95%CI: 2.6-6.8; p < 0.001) and female sex (OR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.04-2.6; p = 0.0320). Anxiety symptoms, after logistic regression analysis, were associated with depression (OR: 4.3; 95%CI: 2.7-6.8; p < 0.001) and female sex (OR: 1.6; 95%CI: 1.04-2.4; p = 0.039). Conclusion: In this study, female students were more likely to develop anxiety and depression. However, further studies are needed to determine whether this phenomenon is due to female physiological mechanisms or social and cultural factors of patriarchal society.
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