Clinical and epidemiological features of 123 cases of cryptococcosis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Authors

  • Andrea De Siqueira Campos Lindenberg Universidade para o Desenvolvimento da Região do Pantanal
  • Marilene Rodrigues Chang Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Department of Pharmacy-Biochemistry
  • Anamaria Melo Miranda Paniago Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Department of Clinical Medicine
  • Márcia Dos Santos Lazéra Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; Mycology Service of Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas
  • Paula Maria Frank Moncada Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Department of Pharmacy-Biochemistry
  • Gisele Facholi Bonfim Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Department of Pharmacy-Biochemistry
  • Susie Andries Nogueira Infectious Diseases Service of Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital
  • Bodo Wanke Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; Mycology Service of Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas

Keywords:

Epidemiology, Cryptococcosis, Brazil, Cryptococcus gattii, Cryptococcus neoformans

Abstract

To identify the clinical and epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis diagnosed at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, medical records of 123 patients admitted from January 1995 to December 2005 were analyzed. One hundred and four cases (84.5%) had HIV infection, six (4.9%) had other predisposing conditions and 13 (10.6%) were immunocompetent. Male patients predominated (68.3%) and their age ranged from 19 to 69 years (mean: 35.9). Most patients (73.2%) were born and lived lifelong in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Involvement of the central nervous system occurred in 103 patients (83.7%) and headache and vomiting were the most frequent symptoms. In 77 cases it was possible to identify the Cryptococcus species: 69 (89.6%) C. neoformans and eight (10.4%) C. gattii. Amphotericin B was the drug of choice for treatment (106/123), followed by fluconazole in 60% of cases. The overall lethality rate was 49.6%, being 51% among the HIV infected patients and 41.2% among the non-HIV infected (p >; 0.05). Although cryptococcosis exhibited in our region a similar behavior to that described in the literature, the detection of an important rate of immunocompetent individuals and five C. gattii cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients is noteworthy.

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Published

2008-04-01

Issue

Section

Mycology

How to Cite

Clinical and epidemiological features of 123 cases of cryptococcosis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil . (2008). Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De São Paulo, 50(2), 75-78. https://www.revistas.usp.br/rimtsp/article/view/31155