Legitimidade, confiança e cinismo jurídico: uma revisão de conceitos

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2021.191381

Palavras-chave:

Legitimidade da lei, Legitimação, Dever de obediência, Confiabilidade, Cinismo jurídico

Resumo

Revisamos os conceitos de legitimidade, confiança e cinismo jurídico no contexto do debate sobre a legitimidade policial, discutimos até que ponto esses conceitos se relacionam e oferecemos algumas reflexões especulativas sobre como o modelo relacional de legitimidade pode ir além de questões de justiça processual. Com base na teoria da justiça processual,  enfatizamos a distinção entre legitimidade policial e legitimação: legitimidade popular é definida como crenças públicas de que a autoridade legal tem o direito de governar (as pessoas reconhecem a adequação moral da autoridade legal) e a autoridade de governar (as pessoas reconhecem a autoridade legal como autoridade legítima), enquanto a legitimação está relacionada aos critérios que as pessoas usam para julgar a adequação normativa do  exercício do poder dos agentes legais (por exemplo, até que ponto os policiais são confiáveis para se comportar de acordo com as expectativas normativas das pessoas). Baseando-nos em estudos sobre cinismo jurídico e socialização jurídica, consideramos como outros aspectos da conduta policial podem enviar mensagens negativas sobre o valor das pessoas na sociedade e minar seus julgamentos sobre a legitimidade da autoridade legal –  mensagens de opressão, marginalização e negligência pela vida. Concluímos sugerindo  caminhos para pesquisas futuras sobre relações público-polícia.

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Biografia do Autor

  • Thiago Oliveira, Nuffield College, University of Oxford

    Postdoctoral Researcher at the Centre for Social Investigation and a Research Fellow at Nuffield College, University of Oxford. He received his PhD in Social Research Methods from the London School of Economics and Political Science. He studies topics related to the legitimacy of the law and the consequences of police misconduct. 

  • Jonathan Jackson, London School of Economics and Political Science

    Professor of Social Research Methodology at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is an Honorary Professor of Criminology at the University of Sydney Law School and an Affiliated Scholar in the Justice Collaboratory of Yale Law School. His research focuses on procedural justice theory in the context of the criminal justice system.

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2021-12-19

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Dossiê - Legitimação e legitimidades

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Legitimidade, confiança e cinismo jurídico: uma revisão de conceitos. (2021). Tempo Social, 33(3), 113-145. https://doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2021.191381