Impact of physical therapy on different types of bronchiolitis, patients, and care settings: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/21019428042021Keywords:
Physical Therapy, Infant, BronchiolitisAbstract
Bronchiolitis is defined as an acute episode of wheezing, in a context of a respiratory condition of normally viral origin, with a high incidence in children under 2 years of age. Since physical therapy has a role that has been questioned in this context, it is extremely important to clarify and differentiate the impact of different physical therapy techniques on different types of bronchiolitis, patients and settings. A systematic review was carried out, with a search in the following databases: Science Direct, Medline/PubMed and Scielo, on physical therapy techniques in children up to 2 years of age with an episode of bronchiolitis. Six observational studies were included, 5 experimental without a control group and 15 with a control group, involving 3339 individuals. There are 14 studies with inpatient samples, 6 in hospital and ICU and 6 in outpatients. The most used respiratory physical therapy techniques stand out: rPL associated with TP, EFA, DRR and postural drainage. Positive results regarding respiratory physical therapy techniques, namely DRR, ELPr and AFE or TP, in airway permeabilization, promotion of bronchial hygiene, hospitalization days, SpO2, clinical score, HR, RF, and in the need for oxygen therapy. As limitations of the study, it is highlighted that there are not enough studies with robust and comparable methodologies that allow conclusions to be drawn with greater certainty, especially in relation to the different severities of the pathology, thus supporting the personalization and adequacy of interventions in clinical practice
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