Locais desativados
Ruínas, resistência e cuidado no final da primeira era nuclear
Palavras-chave:
persistência, lituânia, descomissionamento nuclear, fotografia, pós-industrial, ruínasResumo
Este artigo advoga por uma geografia dos lugares desindustrializados como espaços de habitação e de persistência, ao invés de uma que se baseia em narrativas de progresso, declínio e ruína. Há muito as ruínas constituem uma questão para os geógrafos, embora as reminiscências materiais dos grandes esquemas da modernidade acabem facilmente endossando formas de perceber e de compreender lugares desindustrializados ao ponto de apagarem as práticas através das quais vidas e mundos são construídos no presente. A partir de trabalho de campo realizado na cidade de Visaginas, ex-atomgrad soviética na Lituânia, o artigo tanto reconhece quanto resiste aos apelos da ruína. Afastando-se das temporalidades da ruína que implicam progresso e declínio, oferece uma análise das práticas e modos de habitação em cursos em lugares definidos pelo arruinamento. Uma compreensão reflexiva de nosso papel contaminado no processo de fazer sentido de tais lugares nos permite, ao mesmo tempo, tanto nos encantar pelas grandes narrativas de hubris e de declínio quanto ver outras histórias – histórias de perseverança, de persistência, de viver em lugares enquadrados como sem futuro por regimes políticos e econômicos. Nesse sentido, o artigo oferece uma geografia alternativa dos lugares que são descomissionados a partir de cima, atentando para o cuidado, compromissos, práticas criativas e projetos estéticos por meio das quais seus habitantes seguem vivendo. Engajando essa abordagem através de uma série de pequenas histórias baseadas em trabalho de campo etnográfico e colaborativo com dois fotógrafos em Visaginas, postulo que as reminiscências materiais e subjetivas dos sonhos da primeira era nuclear engendram formas emergentes de vida que excedem as narrativas de progresso e declínio. As ruínas da modernidade nuclear soviética operam aqui como recipientes para práticas de persistência e de perseverança em meio às mudanças de relações de poder e capital, ao invés de serem objetos de perda melancólica; e também como matérias-primas por meio das quais forjam-se novas formas de viver em espaços tidos como desnecessários.
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