Challengers in nuclear family studies: first steps in data analysis

Abstract

Studies with nuclear families allow the identification of familiar aggregation, as well as the estimation of how much of the variability in a characteristic might be attributed to genetic differences among subjects. Results from these studies are starting points for more complex genetic research, including the identification and relevance of candidate genes. In Sport Science, studies have analyzed the possible existence of familiar aggregation and genetic influence on phenotypes marking physical activity, fitness, and health status. However, few studies were conducted with Portuguese speaking populations, and even fewer with Brazilian populations. Therefore, the present paper aims to discuss, at an introductory level, important aspects about nuclear family studies. The first two phases of Genetic Epidemiology research outline - familiar aggregation and heritability - were approached. The different steps of analysis were exemplified with real data collected in nuclear families from a study conducted in Muzambinho-MG. We hope this paper provides enough background and stimuli for the newcomers in this area of study.