Space-temporal dynamics of changes in the landscape of the Matopiba region, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/eISSN.2236-2878.rdg.2023.202077Keywords:
Cerrado, Vegetation Index, MODIS, Landscape ManagementAbstract
Brazil is a world leader in agribusiness, mainly in the production of soy and beef, whose contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is significant. However, it is also responsible for important landscape changes, especially in the Cerrado, which is a global conservation hotspot. In this study, we analyze changes in land cover on the Matopiba agricultural frontier and the correlation between climate and environmental variables from 2008 to 2018. For this, we use land cover data from the MapBiomas platform and environmental and climate variables from the Earth Engine Data Catalog. We performed a descriptive analysis and a cross-correlation test for the selected variables. Based on the results, the Cerrado was reduced by around 5.1% (~3,692,677 ha) and increased in the Pasture (2.1% or 1,538,358 ha) and Agriculture (3.1% or 2,254. 264 ha). The decrease in the Vegetation Index (NDVI) leads to an increase in Soil Temperature (LST) and, consequently, reduces Soil Moisture (US), mainly in agricultural and livestock areas. The high NDVI, as in areas of dense vegetation, favors the protection of soil moisture. We showed that agriculture and livestock in Matopiba is in full growth to the detriment of Cerrado vegetation and that there is a strong relationship between environmental and climate variables. This study can be a basis to assist in decision-making, strategies and public policies aimed at conservation of the Cerrado and economic and sustainable development of agribusiness in Matopiba.
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