Incidência e mortalidade por câncer de mama e do colo do útero em um município brasileiro

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003085

Palavras-chave:

Neoplasias da Mama, Epidemiologia, Neoplasias do Colo do Útero, Epidemiologia, Mortalidade, Tendências.

Resumo

OBJETIVOS Analisar a magnitude das mudanças na incidência e mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero (CCU) e câncer de mama (CM) em Campinas (SP) entre os quinquênios 1991–1995 e 2010–2014. MÉTODOS Os dados sobre câncer foram obtidos do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Campinas e os dados sobre óbitos do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram calculadas taxas de incidência e de mortalidade padronizadas por idade pelo método direto, com os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Mensurou-se a magnitude das mudanças por meio da razão de taxas (RT). RESULTADOS Entre os períodos estudados, houve aumento de três vezes na taxa de detecção do CCU in situ (RT = 3,03; IC95% 2,64–3,47) e de 5 vezes para o CM in situ (RT = 5,23; IC95% 4,98–5,50). A proporção de casos de CM in situ em relação ao total de casos de CM aumentou de 3,31% para 11,05%. A taxa de incidência do CCU invasivo declinou em 57% (RT = 0,43; IC95% 0,40–0,47), e a do CM invasivo aumentou em 40% (RT = 1,40; IC95% 1,33–1,47). A taxa de mortalidade do CCU caiu em 58% (RT = 0,42; IC95% 0,32–0,56), e a do CM em 15% (RT = 0,85; IC95% 0,82–0,89). CONCLUSÃO A incidência de carcinomas in situ de CCU e CM aumentou nessas quase duas décadas. A taxa de carcinoma invasivo do CCU diminuiu, e a do CM aumentou. A mortalidade pelos dois cânceres foi reduzida. Observar essas alterações é útil para avaliar o impacto das ações realizadas no período e planejar ações futuras.

Referências

Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Like Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394-424. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492 [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR), National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Estimate 2020: incidence of cancer in Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: INCA, 2019; 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 10]. Available from: https://www.inca.gov.br/publicacoes/livros/estimativa-2020-incidencia-de-cancer-no-brasil [ Links ]

Tower LA, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A. Global cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends: an update. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016;25(1):16-27. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0578 [ Links ]

Vaccarella S, Lortet-Tieulent J, Plummer M, Franceschi S, Bray F. Worldwide trends in cervical cancer incidence: impact of screening against changes in disease risk factors. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(15):3262-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2013.04.024 [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR), National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Brazilian guidelines for cervical cancer screening. Vol. 33. Brasília, DF: INCA; 2016 [cited 2020 Aug 10]. p. 81-7. Available from: https://www.inca.gov.br/sites/ufu.sti.inca.local/files//media/document//diretrizesparaorastreamentodocancerdocolodoutero_2016_corrigido.pdf [ Links ]

Porto MAT, Teixeira LA, Silva RCF. Historical aspects of breast cancer control in Brazil. Rev Arm Cancerol. 2013 [cited 2020 Sep 10];59(3):331-9. Available from: https://rbc.inca.gov.br/site/arquivos/n_59/v03/pdf/03-artigo-aspectos-historicos-controle-cancer-mama-brasil.pdf [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR). Ordinance No. 2,439 of December 8, 2005. It establishes the National Policy of oncological care: promotion, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and Palliative Care, to be implemented in all federated units, respecting the competences of the three spheres of management. Official Journal of the Union. 9 Dec 2005; Section 1: 80. [ Links ]

Paim J, Travassos C, Almeida C, Bahia L, MacInko J. The Brazilian health system: history, advances, and challenges. Lancet. 2011;377(9779):1778-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60054-8 [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR). Portaria No 874, de 16 de maio de 2013. National policy for the Prevention and control of cancer in the Health Care Network of people with chronic diseases within the Unified Health System (sus). Brasília, DF. 2013 [cited 2020 Sep 10]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2013/prt0874_16_05_2013.html [ Links ]

Ayres ARG, Silva GA, Guimarães RM. Trend in the incidence of invasive cervical cancer in four Brazilian Capitals: data from population-based cancer records, 1990-2004. Cad Collective Health. 2013 [cited 22 Aug 202021 (3): 289-95. Available in: https://www.scielo.br/pdf/cadsc/v21n3/v21n3a09.pdf [ Links ]

Costa AM, Hashim D, Fregnani JHTG, Weiderpass E. Overall survival and time trends in breast and cervical cancer incidence and mortality in the Regional Health District (RHD) of Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):1079. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4956-7 [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR), National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Magnitude of cervical cancer occurrence in Brazil. Inform Vigil Câncer. 2013 [cited 2020 Jul 10];(4):1-16. Available from: https://www.inca.gov.br/sites/ufu.sti.inca.local/files//media/document/informativo-vigilancia-do-cancer-n4-2013_1.pdf [ Links ]

Lima MS, Brito EAC, Siqueira HFF, Lima MS, Oliveira MO, Silva AM, et al. Trends in cervical cancer and its precursor forms to evaluate screening policies in a mid - sized Northeastern Brazilian city. PLoS One. 2020:e0233354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233354 [ Links ]

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Cidades: Campinas, SP: população. Rio de Janeiro; c2017 [cited 2021 Ago 31]. Available from: https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/sp/campinas/panorama [ Links ]

Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria Nacional de Assistência à Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Coordenadoria de Controle do Câncer-PRO-onco. Cancer Registration: principles and methods. Rio de Janeiro: INCA;1995. [ Links ]

Loos AH, Bray F, McCarron P, Weiderpass E, Hakama M, Parkin DM. Sheep and goats: separating cervix and corpus uteri from inaccurately coded uterine cancer deaths, for studies of geographical and temporal variations in mortality. Eur J Cancer. 2004;40(18):2794-803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2004.09.007 [ Links ]

Doll R, Payne P, Waterhouse J, editors. Cancer incidence in five continents: a technical report. Berlin (DE): Springer-Verlag; 1966. (UICC International Union Against Cancer Series). [ Links ]

Girianelli VR, Gamarra CJ, Silva GA. The great contrasts in mortality from cervical and breast cancer in Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 2014;48(3):459-67. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2014048005214 [ Links ]

Vale DB, Sauvaget C, Muwonge R, Ferlay J, Zeferino LC, Murillo R, et al. Disparities in time trends of cervical cancer mortality rates in Brazil. Cancer Causes Control. 2016;27(7):889-96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-016-0766-x [ Links ]

Rojas K, Stuckey A. Breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors. Clin Obstetrician Gynecol. 2016;59(4):651-72. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000239 [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR), National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Magnitude of cancer in Brazil: incidence, mortality and trends. Inform Vigil Cancer. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 20]; (8): 1-43. Available from: https://www.inca.gov.br/sites/ufu.sti.inca.local/files//media/document//informativo-vigilancia-do-cancer-n8-2020.pdf [ Links ]

Teixeira LA, Porto MAT, Souza LPA. The expansion of cervical cancer screening and the formation of cytotechnics in Brazil. Physis Rev Collective Health. 2012;22(2):713-31. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-73312012000200017 [ Links ]

World Health Organization. Cancer control knowledge into action: who guide for effective programmes; module 3. Early detection. Geneva(CH): WHO; 2007 [cited 2020 Aug 18]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43743/9241547338_eng.pdf;jsessionid=7BE92D7BA38541A0E62DE46570B05E07?sequence=1 [ Links ]

Amorim VMSL. Preventive practices for breast, cervical and prostate cancer in municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: a look at equity [thesis]. Campinas, SP: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas; 2010 [cited 2020 Aug 10]. Available from: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309136 [ Links ]

Vale DB, Cardoso Filho C, Shinzato JY, Spreafico FS, Basu P, Zeferino LC. Downstaging in opportunistic breast cancer screening in Brazil: a temporal trend analysis. BMC Cancer. 2019;19:432. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5647-8 [ Links ]

Welch HG, black WC: Overdiagnosis in cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102(9):605-13. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq099 [ Links ]

Perry N, Broeders M, Wolf C, Törnberg s, Holland R, Karsa L, editors. European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. 4, ed. 2006: Luxembourg Health & Consumer Protection-Directorate General; 2006 [cited 2020 Aug 20]. Available from: https://screening.iarc.fr/doc/ND7306954ENC_002.pdf [ Links ]

Amorim VMSL, Barros MBA. Equity in access to the examination of Papanicolaou: population-based study in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014;17 Supl 2:136-49. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4503201400060012 [ Links ]

Municipal Health Department of Campinas. Detailed report of the previous quarter: 3rd RDQA and annual Management Report 2019. Campinas, SP: 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 10]. Available from: http://www.saude.campinas.sp.gov.br/saude/rel_gestao/2019/RDQA_3o_quadrimestre_2019/RDQA_2019_3o_Quadrimestre_RAG_2019.pdf [ Links ]

International Agency of Research on Cancer. Cancer incidence in five continents. Vol. 8. Lyon (FR): IARC; 2002 [cited 2020 Aug 10]. (IARC Scientific Publications; No 155). Available from: https://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Iarc-Scientific-Publications/Cancer-Incidence-In-Five-Continents-Volume-VIII-2002 [ Links ]

Municipal Health Department of Campinas. Bulletin of the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Campinas. 2018 [cited 2020 Aug 20]; (1): 1-8. Available from: http://www.saude.campinas.sp.gov.br/saude/vigilancia/info_epidemiologicas/rcbp/publicacoes/Boletim_RCBP_01.pdf [ Links ]

Ministry of Health (BR), Executive Secretariat, Department of monitoring and evaluation of SUS. Strategic planning of the Ministry of Health 2011-2015: results and perspectives. Brasília, DF; 2013 [cited 2020 Aug 20]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/planejamento_estrategico_ministerio_saude_resultados.pdf [ Links ]

Publicado

2021-10-29

Edição

Seção

Artigos Originais

Como Citar

Ferreira, M. do C., Vale, D. B. ., & Barros, M. B. de A. . (2021). Incidência e mortalidade por câncer de mama e do colo do útero em um município brasileiro. Revista De Saúde Pública, 55, 67. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003085

Dados de financiamento