Estruturas urbanas comparadas: Estados Unidos e Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-41612005000400005Keywords:
urban structure, primacy, Zipf's Law, Pareto distribution, urban economy, regional economyAbstract
The literature on urban economics usually point out the developing countries as those ones with urban structure extremely concentrated and unequal, and the developed countries as those countries with a better distribution of cities. This paper compares the national urban structures of two countries: the USA, a developed country, and Brazil, a developing country.Downloads
References
Allen, P. M. Cities and regions as a self-organizing system – Models of complexity.
Netherlands, Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1997.
Alonso-Villar, M. Large metropolises in the third world: an explanation. Urban
Studies, v. 38, n. 8, p. 1359-1371, 2001.
Alperovich, G. The size distribution of cities: on the empirical validity of the ranksize rule. Journal of Urban Economics 16, p. 232-239, 1984.
Alperovich, G. An exploratory model of city-size distribution: evidence from cross-country
data. Urban Studies 30, p. 1591-1601, 1993.
Andrade, T.; Serra, R. V. Crescimento econômico nas cidades médias brasileiras. Revista Nova Economia, v. 9, n. 1, 1999.
Andrade, T.; Serra, R. V. O recente desempenho das cidades médias no crescimento populacional urbano brasileiro. Texto para Discussão n. 554. Brasília: IPEA, 1998.
BEA. Regional economic information system 1969-98 (RCN-0250). US Department
of Commerce – Bureau of Economic Analysis / Regional Economic Measurement Division. USA: Washington, 2000.
Carrol, G. National city size distributions: what do we know after 67 years of research?
Progress in Human Geography 6, p. 1-43, 1982.
Cuberes, D. The rise and decline of cities. Texto para Discussão - Universidade de Chicago, Setembro de 2004.
Fujita, M.; Krugman, P.; Venables, A. J. Spatial economy – Cities, regions and international
trade. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: The MIT Press, 1999.
Gabaix, X. Zipf ’s Law for cities: an explanation. Journal of Economics, p. 739-767, August 1999.
Gabaix, X.; Ionnides, Y. The evolution of city size distributions. MIT and Tuffs University, 2003. Mimeografado.
Guerin-Pace, F. Rank-size distribution and the process of urban growth. Urban Studies, v. 32, n. 3, p. 551-562, 1995.
Henderson, J. V. The sizes and types of cities. American Economic Review 64, p. 640-656, 1974.
Henderson, J. V. Urban development – Theory, fact and illusion. New York, Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 1988.
IBGE. Censo demográfico do Brasil 2000. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2000.
Krakover, S. Testing the turning-point hypothesis in city-size distribution: the Israeli situation re-examined. Urban Studies, v. 35, n. 12, p. 2183-2196, 1998.
Krugman, P. R.; Livas, R. E. Trade policy and the third world metropolis. Journal of Development Economics, v. 49, n. 1, p. 137-150, 1996.
Krugman, P. R. Urban concentrations: the role of increasing returns and transport
costs. International Regional Science Review, v. 19, n. 1 & 2, p. 5-30, 1996.
Monte-Mor, R. L. New urban frontiers: contemporary tendencies in Brazil’s urbanization.
Texto para Discussão do CEDEPLAR, n. 165. Belo Horizonte: CEDEPLAR, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2001.
Monte-Mor, R. L. What is the urban in the contemporary world? Cadernos de Saúde Pública,
Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, v. 21, n. 3, p. 942-948. 2005.
Naude, W. A.; Krugell, W. F. Are South Africa’s cities too small? Cities, v. 20, n. 3, p. 175-180, 2003.
Parr, J. B. A note on the size distribution od cities over time. Journal of Urban Economics
, p. 199-212, 1985.
Pereira, F. M.; Lemos, M. B. Cidades médias brasileiras: características e dinâmicas urbano industriais. Pesquisa e Planejamento Econômico, Rio de Janeiro: IPEA, v. 33, n. 1, p. 127-165, 2003.
Puga, D. Urbanization patterns: European versus less developed countries. Journal of Regional Science 38, p. 231-252, 1998.
Reed, W. The Pareto, Zipf, and other power laws. Economics Letters 74, p. 15-19, 2001.
Richardson, H. W. Theory of the distribution of city sizes: review and prospects. Regional Studies 7, p. 239-251, 1973.
Rosen, K. T.; Resnick, M. The size distribution of cities: an examination of the Pareto law and primacy. Journal of Urban Economics 8, p. 165-186, 1980.
Shukri, I. M.; Alshuwaikhat, H. B. City-size distribution in the Saudi Arabian urban system. International Planning Studies, v. 1, issue 2, Jun 1996.
Song, S.; Zhang, K. H. Urbanisation and city size distribution in China. Urban Studies, v. 39, n. 12, p. 2317-2327, 2002.
Soo, K. T. Zipf´s law for cities: a cross-country investigation. Regional Science and Urban Economics 35, p. 239-263, 2005.
Storper, M.; Walker, R. The capitalist imperative – Territory, technology, and industrial
growth. USA and UK: Blackwell Publishers, 1989.
Veiga, J. E. A dimensão rural do Brasil. Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura 22, Abril 2004a. (http://www.econ.fea.usp.br/zeeli/).
Veiga, J. E. A atualidade da contradição urbano-rural. Análise territorial da Bahia rural.
Série Estudos e Pesquisas 71. Salvador: SEI, 2004b. (http://www.econ.fea.usp.br/zeeli/).
Veiga, J. E. Destinos da ruralidade no processo de globalização. Estudos Avançados 51,
p. 51-67, 2004c. (http://www.econ.fea.usp.br/zeeli/).
Veiga, J. E. A relação rural/urbano no desenvolvimento regional. Cadernos do CEAM
, Fevereiro 2005. Brasília: Centro de Estudos Avançados Multidisciplinares da Universidade de Brasília – UnB (http://www.econ.fea.usp.br/zeeli/).
Wheaton, W.; Shishido, H. Urban concentration, agglomeration economies, and
the level of economic development. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 1979.
World Bank. World Bank Data Bank 2003. USA, Washington: World Bank, 2003.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2005 Ricardo Machado Ruiz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
By submitting an article, the author authorizes its publication and attests that it has not been submitted to any other journal. The original article is considered final. Articles selected for publication are proofread for grammatical and orthographic errors. The journal does not pay rights for published articles. The Institute of Economic Research from the School of Economics, Business and Accounting of the University of São Paulo (Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas da Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo) owns the journal's copyright.