La Relación entre los niveles de vitamina B12 y la resistencia a la insulina en mujeres posmenopáusicas del caribe colombiano resistencia a la Insulina y Vitamina B12
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2023.201354Palabras clave:
Vitamina B 12, Resistencia a la insulina, Dieta, Postmenopausia, Enfermedades cardiovascularesResumen
Introducción: La deficiencia de vitamina B12 ha sido reconocida como un problema de salud pública en América Latina, pero la magnitud actual de esta deficiencia en Colombia es incierta. Bajos niveles de vitamina B12 pueden inducir trastornos hematológicos y neurológicos clínicos y subclínicos. Estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado una relación entre la deficiencia de vitamina B12 y las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Sin embargo, el papel de la B12 en la resistencia a la insulina ha sido poco estudiado. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre los niveles séricos de vitamina B12 y los marcadores bioquímicos y antropométricos relacionados con ECV y la resistencia a la insulina. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional. Por muestreo de conveniencia se vincularon 182 mujeres posmenopáusicas del servicio de consulta médica de una institución de salud. Se evaluaron los niveles séricos de vitamina, variables antropométricas (índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal) y bioquímicas (glucemia, insulina, perfil lipídico, HOMA IR). Resultados: El valor promedio del nivel sérico de vitamina B12 fue de 312,5±122,5 pg/mL (230,6±90,4 pmol/L); El 46,7% de las mujeres tenían niveles inferiores a los adecuados de 300 pg/mL (>221 pmol/L), y el 9,9% eran deficientes, con niveles inferiores a 200 pg/mL (148 pmol/L). Las mujeres con síndrome metabólico fueron el 63,7 %, y según el HOMA IR, el 52,7 % presentó resistencia a la insulina. Se mostró una relación inversa significativa entre los niveles séricos de vitamina B12 con la glucemia basal (P=0,002) y HOMA-IR (P=0,040). Conclusiones: Se observó una relación inversa significativa entre los niveles séricos de vitamina B12 y la glucemia basal y HOMA-IR. Estos hallazgos muestran la importancia de estudiar la deficiencia de vitamina B12 en mujeres posmenopáusicas y sugieren la necesidad de suplementación nutricional.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Luz Adriana Sarmiento-Rubiano, Jimmy Everth Becerra, Roberto Carlos Rebolledo-Cobos, Norella Ortega-Ariza, María Cristina Sarmiento-Rubiano
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
