Humoral immunity is not altered in overweight pregnant Crioulo mares

Mariana Andrade Mousquer; Bruna dos Santos Suñe Moraes; Alice Corrêa Santos; Rafaela Pinto de Souza; Marcelo de Lima; Paulo Ricardo Centeno Rodrigues; Bruna da Rosa Curcio; Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira

doi:10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2023.210215

Authors

Mariana Andrade Mousquer Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Capão do Leão – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-3713
Bruna dos Santos Suñe Moraes Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Bagé, Bagé – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-2906
Alice Corrêa Santos Regimento de Cavalaria Mecanizado, Exército Brasileiro, Quaraí – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6768-8693
Rafaela Pinto de Souza Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Capão do Leão – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-6728
Marcelo de Lima Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Capão do Leão – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3102-1659
Paulo Ricardo Centeno Rodrigues Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Capão do Leão – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6981
Bruna da Rosa Curcio Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Capão do Leão – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-3816
Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Capão do Leão – RS, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8555-7953

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2023.210215

Keywords:

Vaccine, Immune system, EHV-1, Gestation

Abstract

Both pregnancy and obesity can influence significant changes in the immune system. On this basis, the present study proposes to evaluate the humoral immune response of overweight pregnant mares in response to a commercial vaccine. Thirty pregnant Crioulo mares were separated according to body condition score (BCS) into overweight (BCS≥7/9) or lean-control (BCS= 5-6/9). In each group, the animals were subdivided into vaccinated and controls. The mares were vaccinated against EHV-1 in two doses spaced 21 days apart and had their blood collected monthly, for five months, for antibody evaluation. Both vaccinated groups had an increase in specific neutralizing antibodies after the vaccine. However, after the second dose, there was no increase in antibodies in any of the groups. Vaccinated overweight and lean-control mares did not differ at any time point. Therefore, this study demonstrated that obesity does not influence the humoral immune response in pregnant Crioulo mares.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Antczak DF, Mestre AM, Wilsher S, Allen WR. The equine endometrial cup reaction: a fetomaternal signal of significance. Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2013;1(1):419-42. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-031412-103703. PMid:25387026.

Antczak DF. Immunological memory and tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface: implications for reproductive management of mares. Theriogenology. 2020;150:432-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.043. PMid:32164989.

Bannai H, Tsujimura K, Nemoto M, Ohta M, Yamanaka T, Kokado H, Matsumura T. Epizootiological investigation of equine herpesvirus type 1 infection among Japanese racehorses before and after the replacement of an inactivated vaccine with a modified live vaccine. BMC Vet Res. 2019;15(1):280. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2036-0. PMid:31387602.

Basinska K, Marycz K, Śmieszek A, Nicpoń J. The production and distribution of IL-6 and TNF-α in subcutaneous adipose tissue and their correlation with serum concentrations in Welsh ponies with equine metabolic syndrome. J Vet Sci. 2015;16(1):113-20. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2015.16.1.113. PMid:25269712.

Billingham RE, Brent L, Medawar FRS. Actively acquired tolerance of foreign cells. Transplantation. 2003;76(10):1409-12. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000102675.72061.88. PMid:14657674.

Carter RA, Geor RJ, Burton Staniar W, Cubitt TA, Harris PA. Apparent adiposity assessed by standardized scoring systems and morphometric measurements in horses and ponies. Vet J. 2009;179(2):204-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.02.029. PMid:18440844.

Chen S-J, Liu Y-L, Sytwu H-K. Immunologic regulation in pregnancy: from mechanism to therapeutic strategy for immunomodulation. Clin Dev Immunol. 2012;2012:258391. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/258391. PMid:22110530.

Dunbar LK, Mielnicki KA, Dembek KA, Toribio RE, Burns TA. Evaluation of four diagnostic tests for insulin dysregulation in adult light‐breed horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2016;30(3):885-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.13934. PMid:27013065.

Elzinga S, Reedy S, Barker VD, Chambers TM, Adams AA. Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to influenza vaccination in Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) horses. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2018;199:32-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.03.009. PMid:29678227.

Fedorka CE, Loux SL, Scoggin KE, Adams AA, Troedsson MHT, Ball BA. Alterations in T cell-related transcripts at the feto-maternal interface throughout equine gestation. Placenta. 2020;89:78-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2019.10.011. PMid:31730925.

Fitzgerald DM, Anderson ST, Sillence MN, de Laat MA. The cresty neck score is an independent predictor of insulin dysregulation in ponies. PLoS One. 2019;14(7):e0220203. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220203. PMid:31339945.

Fowden AL, Comline RS, Silver M. Insulin secretion and carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy in the mare. Equine Vet J. 1984;16(4):239-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01919.x. PMid:6383807.

Frank N, Tadros EM. Insulin dysregulation. Equine Vet J. 2014;46(1):103-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12169. PMid:24033478.

Frasca D, Blomberg BB. The impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on vaccination success. Interdiscip Top Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;43:86-97. https://doi.org/10.1159/000504440. PMid:32305981.

Gentry LR, Thompson Junior DL, Gentry Junior GT, Del Vecchio RP, Davis KA, Del Vecchio PM. The relationship between body condition score and ultrasonic fat measurements in mares of high versus low body condition. J Equine Vet Sci. 2004;24(5):198-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2004.04.009.

George LA, Staniar WB, Cubitt TA, Treiber KH, Harris PA, Geor RJ. Evaluation of the effects of pregnancy on insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and glucose dynamics in Thoroughbred mares. Am J Vet Res. 2011;72(5):666-74. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.72.5.666. PMid:21529219.

Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Impact of adiposity and fat distribution, rather than obesity, on antibodies as an illustration of weight-loss-independent exercise benefits. Medicines. 2021;8(10):57. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines8100057. PMid:34677486.

Henneke DR, Potter GD, Kreider JL, Yeates BF. Relationship between condition score, physical measurements, and body fat percentage in mares. Equine Vet J. 1983;15(4):371-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x. PMid:6641685.

Hersoug LG, Linneberg A. The link between the epidemics of obesity and allergic diseases: does obesity induce decreased immune tolerance? Allergy. 2007;62(10):1205-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01506.x.

Johnson PJ, Wiedmeyer CE, Lacarrubba A, Ganjam VK, Messer 4th NT. Laminitis, and the equine metabolic syndrome. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2010;26(2):239-55. PMid:20699172.

Kim Y-H, Kim J-K, Kim D-J, Nam J-H, Shim S-M, Choi Y-K, Lee C-H, Poo H. Diet-induced obesity dramatically reduces the efficacy of a 2009 pandemic H1N1 vaccine in a mouse model. J Infect Dis. 2012;205(2):244-51. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir731. PMid:22147801.

Knowles EJ, Grieve L. Clinical insights: equine obesity. Equine Vet J. 2020;52(5):635-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13307. PMid:32748989.

Kydd JH, Townsend HGG, Hannant D. The equine immune response to equine herpesvirus-1: the virus and its vaccines. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006;111(1-2):15-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.005. PMid:16476492.

Meeusen ENT, Bischof RJ, Lee C-S. Comparative T-cell responses during pregnancy in large animals and humans. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2001;46(2):169-79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.8755-8920.2001.460208.x. PMid:11506082.

Milner JJ, Beck MA. The impact of obesity on the immune response to infection. Proc Nutr Soc. 2012;71(2):298-306. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665112000158. PMid:22414338.

Mor G, Aldo P, Alvero AB. The unique immunological and microbial aspects of pregnancy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2017;17(8):469-82. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2017.64. PMid:28627518.

Morelli SS, Mandal M, Goldsmith LT, Kashani BN, Ponzio NM. The maternal immune system during pregnancy and its influence on fetal development. Res Rep Biol. 2015;6:171-89. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRB.S80652.

Office International des Épizooties – OIE. Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. 6th ed. Paris: OIE; 2008.

Salinas C, Espinosa G, Morales N, Henríquez C, Morán G, Gajardo G, Burgos RA, Uberti B. Evaluation of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cell functions after an oral carbohydrate overload in obese and insulin dysregulated horses. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2022;250:110455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110455. PMid:35716440.

Salinas C, Espinosa G, Morales N, Henríquez C, Moránc G, Gajardo G, Uberti B. Assessment of peripheral blood neutrophil respiratory burst, phagocytosis and apoptosis in obese non-insulin dysregulated horses. Res Vet Sci. 2020;132:127-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.013. PMid:32563928.

Wagner B, Goodman LB, Babasyan HF, Torsteinsdóttir S, Svansson V, Björnsdóttir S, Perkins GA. Antibody and cellular immune responses of naïve mares to repeated vaccination with an inactivated equine herpesvirus vaccine. Vaccine. 2015;33(42):5588-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.009. PMid:26384446.

Wilson RM, Messaoudi I. The impact of maternal obesity during pregnancy on offspring immunity. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2015;418(0 2):134-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2015.07.028. PMid:26232506.

Humoral immunity is not altered in overweight pregnant Crioulo mares

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

Downloads

References

Downloads

Published

Issue

Section

License

How to Cite

Make a Submission

Latest publications

Keywords

Language

Information