Iluminación y salud humana: estado del arte en dispositivos de medición de luz en el nivel de los ojos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-2762.v21i36p210-227Palabras clave:
Iluminación. Salud. Sistema visual. Campo visual. Efectos no visuales de la luz. Aparatos de medición.Resumen
Los seres humanos son esencialmente visuales y cuentan con la información óptica para la mayoría de los aspectos de su vida cotidiana. La luz y sus influencias son estudiadas hace mucho tiempo, pero son relativamente recientes las investigaciones que abordan su impacto en la salud. En la década de 1980, la evidencia científica de la relación entre los trastornos depresivos y la privación de la luz dejó en claro la existencia de otros efectos no visuales de esa fuente de energía. Gran salto ha dado la Commission Internationale de L’Éclairage (CIE), que, en 2004 y 2006, promovió simposios con difusión del extenso trabajo realizado hasta entonces, para entender cómo la luz afecta el metabolismo humano y su psique. Aunque ya se haya demostrado el impacto de la luz sobre la salud humana, todavía hay mucho que aprender, sobre todo acerca de sus efectos sobre el sistema visual. Mayores niveles de iluminación en los ojos pueden aumentar la actividad, el estado de alerta y el bienestar, siempre que dentro de ciertos límites. En este trabajo se presenta el estado del arte con respecto a los aparatos de medición utilizados en la actualidad
para evaluar cómo la luz afecta a la salud humana. Su objetivo es provocar la promoción de debates y reflexiones sobre un área de investigación aún muy poco explorada en los medios técnico y académico brasileños.
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