Uma visão global do treinamento físico aeróbio para pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca: estudo de revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20160007Palavras-chave:
Atividade Motora, Consumo de Oxigênio, Qualidade de VidaResumo
Uma das modalidades de tratamento coadjuvante para a melhora da capacidade física e qualidade de vida em portadores de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é o treinamento físico aeróbio. Objetivo: Atualizar por revisão sistemática o assunto efeito do treinamento físico aeróbio como coadjuvante no tratamento de portadores de IC. Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados foi realizada utilizando as bases eletrônicas de dados (PubMed/MEDLINE, Lilacs, EMBASE, CINAH e a Biblioteca Cochrane foram pesquisados num período de cinco anos (2010 a 2015). Foram incluídos ensaios com no mínimo 3 meses de seguimento e com a avaliação dos efeitos das intervenções de exercícios como um componente do programa de reabilitação dos portadores de IC. Resultados: Sete protocolos clínicos foram incluídos com 4000 participantes, predominantemente com uma fração de ejeção reduzida (≤ 50%) e classe clínica II e III pela New York Heart Association. O programa de exercício como variável independente reduziu o risco geral e específico de hospitalização por insuficiência cardíaca e resultou em uma melhora clinicamente importante na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Os estudos com análise de meta-regressão univariada mostraram que esses benefícios foram independentes do tipo, dose do exercício e duração do seguimento. Conclusão: Dentro dos limites estabelecidos nesta revisão foi possível mostrar que as melhorias na diminuição das hospitalizações e melhoria de saúde relacionados com qualidade de vida com base no engajamento dos portadores de IC em programas de exercício supervisionado parece ser consistente em todos os pacientes, independentemente das características do programa e pode reduzir a mortalidade a longo prazo
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