Prevalence of pressure ulcer in individuals whith spinal cord injury and the relationship whith post-trauma functional capacity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v16i4a103273Keywords:
Spinal Cord Injuries, Pressure Ulcer, Disability Evaluation, Treatment OutcomeAbstract
The purposes of this cross-sectional observational study were: to characterize adult individuals who underwent Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) between January 2003 and July 2006 and were treated at Brazilian Public Health Service (SUS) hospitals located in the city of Ribeirao Preto; evaluate their functional capacity using the Func-tional Independence Measurement (FIM) scale taking injury level into account; and to identify the prevalence of pressure ulcers (PU). After the approval of the Research Ethics Committee, the study was carried out after free and informed consent was obtained from all participants. The interviews and evaluations were performed at the patients’ homes. Among the 22 individuals, 91% were men and most were between 30 and 39 years old. The main SCI etiology was traffic accidents (50%), followed by falls (27.3%). Eleven (50%) individuals suffered cervical injury, ten (45.5%) thoracic injury, and one lumbar injury. Individuals with cervical injuries presented lower total and motor FIM scores. However, cognitive FIM scores were the high-est, regardless of the injury level. None of the 22 patients presented a degree of complete dependence; 11 (50.0%) presented minimum dependence, six (27.3%) maximum dependence, and five (22.7%) moderate or complete independence. The seven participants with PU were more functionally dependent. Trauma caused more impact to the motor domain, with reduced functional capacity in various activities for individuals with cervical injuries. FIM scores increased with post-injury time, regardless of rehabilitation participation. The results highlight the essential aspects to be proposed in a rehabilita-tion program for this population in the studied context.
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