Dysphagia in acute stroke: systematic review on evaluation methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v15i2a102922Keywords:
Cerebrovascular Accident, Deglutition Disorders, EvaluationAbstract
Objective: To critically review the literature on clinicofunctional tests used for the evaluation of dysphagia in the acute phase of stroke, with emphasis on differences between protocols usually recommended by Brazilian and foreign authors. Methods: A systematic review of published articles found in PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO and Cochrane databases was carried out, as well as of didactic texts, published reviews and reference lists of all texts for additional articles of interest. Results: International authors tend to emphasize the importance of tests that use water, as they are relatively simple to use and present good sensitivity for the detection of deglutition disorders. On the other hand, Brazilian researchers mainly suggest the use of foods with different consistencies, focused on developing adequate feeding strategies. Conclusions: Although instrumental exams such as the videofluoroscopy may be seen as the gold standard for the detection of deglutition disorders, they present a number of limitations in the acute stroke setting. When available, the videoendoscopy may be an option for these patients. A large number of clinicofunctional protocols have been reported for use in the evaluation of dysphagia in the acute phase of stroke. They are extensively used and practical for the evaluation of associated risks such as aspiration and, with the use of adequate techniques, should be seen as safe and effective evaluation methods.
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